Report No. 58
Service disputes
8.17. Disputes in service matters arise in the following circumstances:-
Article 310 of the Constitution provides that every person who is a member of a defence service or of a civil service of the Union or of an All-India service, or holds any post connected with defence or any civil post under the Union, holds office during the pleasure of the President, and every person who is a member of a civil service of a State or holds any civil post under a State holds office during the pleasure of the Governor of the State. This principle of holding office during 'pleasure' is borrowed from the English Common Law.1
1. See para. 8.3, supra.