Report No. 29
Rumania
The main articles in the Criminal Code of Rumania relating to economic crimes are Articles 268, 242 and 385 of the Criminal Code (No. 927). Economic crimes are regulated under the title of "Offences against the Economic System" and under the sub-title of "offences affecting the public administration". The main economic crimes are1:-
(a) violations of regulations regarding production and distribution of consumer goods;
(b) distribution of products, which do not meet mandatory rules of standardization;
(c) establishing fictitious co-operatives;
(d) failure to observe legal provisions with "intent to evade", even without criminal intent or negligence;.
(e) non-observance of legal provisions regarding State monopolies of foreign commerce;
(f) failure to pay taxes in time;
(g) evasion of tax;
(h) public officer guilty of carelessness, lack or laxity in the performance of his services, thus causing delay or difficulty in the fulfilment of the official economic plan, disturbance to the proper functioning of collective organization or damage to collective property or to the general interests of the citizens (article 242);
(i) failure to deliver agricultural goods reserved for Government stores;
(j) hoarding of goods;
(k) breach of collective labour contracts;
(1) infringement of regulations concerning ration cards.
(m) counterfeiting currency and bonds (article 383). Punishment upto 25 years' imprisonment can be awarded for counterfeiting; and if the act has caused or would have caused considerable damage to the financial system, total confiscation of property can be ordered;
(n) Article 536 contains detailed provisions for offences affecting collective property.
1. Summarised from material in G&G Government Law, etc., in Soviet Union, pp. 1093-1096.
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