Contents |
Chapter I |
Introductory |
1.1 |
Harnessing the law for the poor-a suo motu exercise |
2. |
Scope and target |
3. |
Action by the local authorities |
Chapter II |
Profile of Slums and Slum Dwellers in India |
2.1. |
Growth of slums in India |
2. |
Position as per 1981 study |
3. |
Slums |
4. |
Position in Bombay |
5. |
Amenities provided in Bombay |
6. |
The Madras example |
7. |
Figures regarding slums in India |
8. |
At this stage we would like to quote from N.C.U. Report.1A |
9. |
Latest profile of slum population |
10,11. |
Slums in Kanpur |
Chapter III |
Profile of Pavement Dwellers |
3.1. |
Profile of Pavement Dwellers |
2. |
Pavement dwellers in Bombay |
Chapter IV |
Present Position |
4.1. |
Scope of the Chapter |
2. |
The Supreme Court case from Bombay (1986) |
3. |
Petitioners' contentions |
4. |
Contention of the parties |
5. |
Judgment of the Supreme Court |
6. |
Article 19(1)(e) |
7. |
Article 21 of the Constitution and the power of |
8. |
Removal of obstructions and natural justice |
9. |
Kamaraja Basti Pavement dwellers |
10. |
Slum dwellers |
11. |
Final order in the Bombay case |
12. |
The question of alternative accommodation |
13. |
Tamil Nadu Slum Act |
14. |
Right to shelter |
15. |
Other judgments |
16. |
Gujarat case: Interim Order |
17. |
A recent Gujarat case of 1989 |
18. |
Earlier Gujarat case laying down certain propositions |
19. |
Reasoning in 1989 case |
20. |
Conclusion |
Chapter V |
Provisions in Municipal Acts |
5.1. |
Provisions in Municipal Acts |
2. |
Provision in the Bombay Municipal Act |
3. |
The following' extracts1 are from the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957 |
4. |
Provision in the U.P. Municipalities Act |
5. |
Conclusion |
Chapter VI |
Case for Extending Legislative Protection |
6.1. |
Need for appropriate legislation |
2. |
Difficulties |
3. |
Paramount need for enacting statutory provisions |
4. |
Withholding or denying civic amenities and essential facilities, supplies and services |
5. |
Is such refusal or denial justified |
6. |
Need for statutory protection against withholding of essential services and facilities |
7. |
Bodies other than local authorities |
8,9. |
Statutory protection to the pavement dwellers |
Chapter VII |
The Constitutional Position |
7.1. |
Whether Central Legislation is competent |
2. |
Relevant legislative entries in the Union List |
3. |
Relevant legislative entries in the Concurrent List |
4. |
Supreme Court case on land |
5. |
Public premises Act |
6. |
Social security and rehabilitation |
7. |
History of social security |
8. |
Beveridge Report |
9. |
Social security benefits |
10. |
Coverages wide enough to embrace benefits in kind |
11. |
I.L.O. Report |
12. |
Provision against want-the main objective |
13. |
Residuary power |
Chapter VIII |
Legislation Pertaining to Slums-as it is-And as it Ought to be |
8.1. |
Legislation Pertaining to Slums-as it is-And as it Ought to be |
2,3. |
Slum clearance and slum improvement-The trends |
4 to 9. |
Some of the factors which operate on their minds can be visualised |
Chapter IX |
Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions |
9.1 to 4. |
Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions |
5 to 9. |
Recommendations |
10. |
Need for provision regarding rehabilitation |
11,12. |
For pavement dwellers |
Appendix |
Synopsis of Legislation Relating to Slums |
1,2. |
The Central Act of 1956 |
3. |
Objectives of the Central Act of 1956: aspect of alternative accommodation |
4. |
Restoration of possession under Central Act |
5. |
Andhra Pradesh Act |
6. |
Assam Act |
7. |
The Gujarat Act |
8. |
Previous occupants under the Gujarat Act |
9. |
Alternative accommodation under the Gujarat Act |
10. |
Restoration under the Gujarat Act |
11. |
Madhya Pradesh Act |
12. |
Maharashtra Act, 1971 |
13. |
The Punjab Act |
14. |
The U.P. Act |
15. |
Tamil Nadu Slum Areas (Improvement and Clearance) Act, 1971 |
16. |
Rehabilitation under Tamil Nadu Act |
17. |
Restoration under Tamil Nadu Act |
18. |
West Bengal Act |
19. |
Illegal occupation |
20. |
Need for local authorities to carry out their obligation |