Report No. 101

5.8. Freedom of speech available to all entitles in U.S.A.-

It has been staled that1 freedom of speech and press are available to all2. These two freedoms are also accorded to aliens resident in U.S.3. Associations of individuals, such as labour unions and corporations, are entitled to enjoy this constitutional right4 as well as individuals, since the inherent worth of speech, in terms of its capacity for informing the public, does not depend upon the identity of the source, whether corporation, association or union or individual5.

1. Vol. 16A, Am Jur 2d, Constitutional Law, pp. 330-331, section 501.

2. Murdeck v. Pennsylvania, 87 L Ed 1292.

3. Bridges v. Wixon, 89 I., Ed 2103.

4. Bowe v. Secretary of the Commonwealth, 320 Mass 230: 69 NE 2d 115 (Labour Unions).

5. First National Bank v. Bellotti, (1978) 55 L Ed 2d 707 (rehearing denied 57 L Ed 2d 1150).