Ashok Sharma Vs. Ram
Adhar Sharma [2009] INSC 270 (11 February 2009)
Judgment
E IN THE SUPREME
COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL NO. 883 OF 2009
(Arising out of SLP)No.8412 of 2008) Ashok Sharma ..Appellant VERSUS Ram Adhar
Sharma ...
Respondent
TARUN CHATTERJEE, J.
1.
Leave
granted.
2.
In
the year 1995, the respondent Shri Ram Adhar Sharma let out his flat bearing
No.11-C, Una Enclave, Mayur Vihar, Phase-I, Delhi-110091 (hereinafter referred
to as the `suit premises') to the appellant at a rental of Rs.3000/- per month,
inclusive of electricity bill and maintenance charges of the UNA Cooperative
Society (in short `the Society').
3.
Now
a suit has been filed by the respondent in the Court of the District Judge,
Delhi for a decree for possession and also for a decree of Rs.1,01,880/- with
interest accrued thereon and for other reliefs.
4.
On
or about 27th of November, 2004, issues were framed by the trial Court and both
the parties were directed to file list of witnesses/documents within 15 days
from the aforesaid date. The parties went to trial and the respondent brought
Sh.Pawan Kumar Vasudeva, the President of the UNA Cooperative Group Housing
Society, within which the suit premises is located, who deposed as PW-3 and
made the following statement in his examination :- "I am the President of
UNA Cooperative Group Housing Society. I have seen the document already exhibit
as Ex.PW/1/3.
I identify my
signature on this document. I have produced the documents, the construction of
society."
5.
After
closure of examination and cross-examination, the trial court closed his
examination, but the witness Pawan Kumar Vasudeva-PW-3 sought permission of the
court to file certain documents which was not allowed by the trial court on the
ground that a witness could not be allowed to produce documents under Order XVI
Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure (in short `the Code') as the term
"production", as mentioned in Order XVI Rule 1 of the Code shall mean
that the witness can be summoned to bring the record to prove the documents
placed on record by the parties to the suit and since the document in question
was not produced by the respondent either along with the plaint or at the time
of framing of issues, such document at that stage could not be taken on record.
6.
Feeling
aggrieved by the aforesaid refusal to accept the document, as noted
hereinabove, the respondent filed a revisional application before the High
Court of Delhi and by the impugned order, the High Court had allowed production
of the document and directed that the said document be taken on record. Before
the High Court, a plea for rejection of the aforesaid prayer of the respondent
was raised that a witness under Order XVI Rule 1 read with Rule 1-A of the Code
cannot produce documents as it envisages that a witness can either adduce
evidence or produce document in Court. As noted herein earlier, the High Court
allowed the said document to be taken on record by allowing the revision
setting aside the order of the trial Court.
7.
Feeling
aggrieved and dissatisfied with the order of the High Court, the appellant
filed a Special Leave Petition, which on grant of leave, was heard in presence
of the learned counsel for the parties.
8.
We
have heard learned counsel for the parties and examined the provisions under
Order XVI Rule 1 read with Rule 1-A of the Code, under which the document was
directed to be produced and taken on record by the High Court by reversing the
order of the trial Court refusing to take the document on record.
9.
The
trial Court, as noted herein earlier, refused the prayer for production of the
document on a simple interpretation of the word "production" as used
in Order XVI Rule 1 of the Code which, according to the trial Court, would mean
that the witness can be summoned to bring the record to prove the documents placed
on record by the parties to the suit, but in the present case, the said
document was not produced by the respondent either along with the plaint or at
the time of framing of issues and, therefore, no document can be taken on
record at that stage.
10.
In
our view, the High Court was justified in permitting the document to be taken
on record at the instance of the witness PW-3. It is not in dispute that the
copies of the same cannot be placed on record by the respondent and they can
only be produced on record by summoning the witness, who has the power and
possession of the said documents. It is an admitted position as well that since
the respondent is simply a member of the society, question of being in
possession of the record showing the completion of the construction of the suit
premises could not be with the plaintiff/respondent whereas the said document
must be with the society, whose President came forward to give evidence and to
produce the documents.
11.
Order
XVI of the Code deals with summoning and attendance of witnesses. The Court
under Order XVI Rule 1, on or before the date, may appoint but not later than
15 days after the issues are settled, the parties shall present in Court a list
of witness whom they propose to call either to give evidence or to produce
documents and obtain summons to such persons for their attendance in Court.
Order XVI Rule 1-A,
however, gives a right to a party to a suit to produce witness without summons.
Order XVI Rule 1-A of the Code runs as under :- "Rule 1A : Production of
witnesses without summons - Subject to the provisions of sub-rule (3) of Rule
1, any party to the suit may, without applying for summons under Rule 1, bring
any witness to give evidence or to produce documents."
12.
A
plain reading of this provision would clearly show that Rule 1-A of Order XVI
of the Code has been substituted by the Legislature to empower a party to bring
any witness without obtaining summons subject to the permission of the Court,
even if the name of the witness is not in the list to be presented within 15
days of settlement of issues. After issues were framed, the respondent in order
to prove the date of completion of construction of the Society in which the
suit premises is located, summoned Sh. Pawan Kumar Vasudeva, the President of
the Society, (PW-3) to bring the record of completion of construction of the
suit premises which is located in the said area of the Society. The trial court
had allowed the summoning of the President of the Society for the purpose of
showing the time of the completion of construction of the suit premises. PW-3
identified his signature on Ext.PW-1/3 which was the certificate issued by the
said society to the respondent.
Thereafter, the said
witness produced the documents of completion of construction of the society
which were 7 summoned by the respondent, but the trial court by the order
dated 2nd of May, 2006 rejected the application and did not allow the witness
to place the documents brought by him on record on the ground mentioned herein
earlier.
13.
As
noted herein earlier, the High Court has reversed the order of the trial court
and allowed production of the document produced by PW-3. In our view, there is
no ground for which we can hold that the order of the High Court was not
properly passed. As noted herein earlier, Order XVI Rule 1 and 1-A of the Code,
if read together, would clearly indicate that it is open to a party to summon a
witness to the Court or even may, without applying for summons, bring a witness
to give evidence or to produce documents. Since Rule 1A is subject to the
provisions of sub-Rule 3 of Rule 1, all that can be contended is that before
proceeding to examine any witness, who might have been brought by a party for
the purpose, the leave of the Court may be necessary. This by itself would not
mean that Rule 1-A was in derogation to sub-Rule 3 of Rule 1. Such document
brought by the said witness can be taken on record and it is not necessary that
the plaintiff must have filed on record the copies of the said document earlier.
Be it mentioned herein, the question of filing a copy of the said document by
the plaintiff could not also arise in view of the fact that the document was or
cannot be in possession of the plaintiff-respondent. Since the
plaintiff-respondent was simply a member of the Society, therefore, the record
of completion of the construction of the suit premises can only be proved by
the plaintiff/respondent by production of documents which was only in
possession with the Society. While considering the scope of Order XVI, Rule 1
and Rule 1A of the Code, this Court in Mange Ram Court cannot decline to
examine the witnesses produced by the plaintiff nor the court could refuse to
take the documents on record through the witnesses. In para 11 of the said
decision, this Court observed as follows :- 9 "But if on the date fixed
for recording the evidence in an election petition, the party is able to keep
his witnesses present despite the fact that the names of the witnesses are not
shown in the list filed under sub-rule (1) of Rule 1, the party would be
entitled to examine these witnesses and to produce documents through the
witnesses who are called to produce documents under Rule 1A." (Emphasis
Supplied) SCC 573], this Court following the decision of Mange Ram vs. Brij
Mohan & Ors. [supra] has also held that Order XVI, Rule 1 and Rule 1A of
the Code permits the court to pass the order directing the witnesses to take
the documents on record. Only, while dealing with the application for
production of documents under Order XVI Rule 1 read with Rule 1-A of the Code,
what is required was that, leave of the court would be necessary. In this view
of the matter and applying the principles laid down in the aforesaid two
decisions of this Court, we are not inclined to interfere with the impugned
order of the High Court by which the High Court had allowed the documents to be
taken on record to prove the date of completion of the construction of the suit
premises within the area of the Society. At the risk of repetition, it must be
stated that the date of construction of the suit premises, which is located
within the area of the Society, cannot be proved except by the production of
the document of the society which could only be produced by the Society.
14.
14.For
the reasons aforesaid, there is no merit in this appeal. The appeal is thus
dismissed. There will be no order as to costs.
........................J.
[Tarun Chatterjee]
.......................J.
New
Delhi;
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