Har Singh Vs. State of
Uttarakhand [2008] INSC 1589 (18 September 2008)
Judgment
SUPREME COURT OF
INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.816 OF 2005 Har Singh
...Appellant State of Uttarakhand ...Respondent With Criminal Appeal
No.817/2005 Criminal Appeal No.818/2005
ALTAMAS KABIR,J.
1.
These
three appeals arise out of the judgment and order dated 1st December, 2004,
passed by the Uttaranchal High Court dismissing the appeal filed by the
appellants herein (Criminal Appeal No. 2 851/01) against the judgment and
order of the Sessions Judge, Almora, in ST No.36 of 1987, convicting the
appellants under Sections 302/34, 201/34 and 394 Indian Penal Code. One of the
accused, Ratan Singh, died during the trial which abated against him and
continued against the other accused persons.
2.
According
to the prosecution, on 26th February, 1987, the deceased Bhupal Singh @ Joga
Singh of village Sain Bagaria, District Almora, Uttaranchal, went to the Mela
held at village Dabra on the occasion of Shiv Ratri along with his wife and two
children.
He had taken an
amount of Rs.3,000/- with him for purchasing two bullocks and a goat.
While at the Mela, he
met Gusain Singh and remained at the Mela with his wife and children till 4.30
p.m. when he sent them 3 back to their village after telling them that he
would return on the next day.
Thereafter, Bhupal
Singh and Gusain Singh came back to the Mela and found several persons,
including the accused Mohan Singh, Har Singh, Ratan Singh and Lachham Singh,
gambling in front of the tea stall of one Bhuwan Singh. Bhupal Singh also
joined in the gambling and won Rs.200/- from Mohan Singh and Rs.600/- from
Lachham Singh. When it started to get dark, Bhupal Singh stopped gambling as he
had to go to Village Bhaisora with Gusain Singh.
3.
It
was also the prosecution case that the above-named accused persons followed
Bhupal Singh and asked him to continue the gambling so that they could have a
chance to recover the money which they had lost. In the alternative, they asked
Bhupal Singh to 4 return the money which he had won in the gambling in front
of the tea stall of Bhuwan Singh. Bhupal Singh refused to listen to either of
the two proposals. Thereafter, accused Mohan Singh allegedly lifted Bhupal
Singh and threw him on the ground with force. When Gusain Singh tried to
intervene in an attempt to save Bhupal Singh, he was also threatened by the
accused as a result whereof he ran away from the place. He has, however, come
out in his evidence with the statement that while fleeing the place he had
hidden in a nearby wheat field from where he heard Bhupal Singh requesting the
accused not to kill him and subsequently even the said sounds ceased. When
Bhupal Singh did not return to his house even after the second day, his mother,
Smt. Chana Devi and Shri Soor Singh came to Gusain Singh's house on the third
day to enquire about him.
5 Gusain Singh is
reported to have told them about the entire incident and then all of them went
to the place of occurrence, known as Khuti Aam, to search for the body of
Bhupal Singh, but the same could not be found. Thereafter, a written complaint
was filed by Smt. Chana Devi at Bhatroajkhan Police Station on 2nd March, 1987.
4.
On
the basis of the said complaint investigations were commenced and Mohan Singh
was arrested after interrogation. At Mohan Singh's instance Bhupal Singh's dead
body was recovered in the presence of witnesses. The other accused were also
arrested and the body of the deceased was sent for post-mortem, which was conducted
by Dr. S.N. Srivastava, Medical Officer, Civil Hospital, Ranikhet, on 4th
March, 1987.
During the post
mortem examination the 6 following injuries were found on the body of the
deceased:
"1. Sharp cut
wound on left side of face extending to lower jaw left.
Mandible cut sharp,
edge on bone seen, blood clots in an area 8 cm x 4 cm.
Maggots were present.
2. Sharp cut would on
right side of forehead extending through temple and just above right ear 6 cm x
4 cm. Blood clots present. Sharp edge of temple bone and parietal bone seen.
Maggots were present.
3. Contusion and
abrasion on the left side of chest, 4 cm below nipple, area 5 cm x 4 cm.
4. Contusion on the
left side of chest 2 cm medial to injury no.3, area 4 x 2 cm.
5. Contusion and
abrasion, just below right knee, area 4 cm x 3 cm.
6. Contusion on the
left wrist ventral surface, area 3 cm x 2 cm."
5.
After
completion of the investigation a charge-sheet was filed and the accused-
appellants were sent for trial.
6.
Relying
on the evidence of PW 1, Gusain Singh, who was accompanying the deceased at the
time of the incident, the evidence of PW 5, Smt. Chana Devi, mother of the
deceased, who lodged the First Information Report, the evidence of PW 2, Bhuwan
Singh, before whose shop the gambling was conducted, Soor Singh, PW 6, who
claimed to be present when appellant-Mohan Singh stated that he could point out
the place from where the body of the deceased could be recovered, and PW 9,
Kamrool Haq, who was present when the body of the deceased was recovered, the
trial Court came to the conclusion that the prosecution had been able to prove
its case against the appellant beyond all reasonable doubt.
7.
The
High Court, on a reappraisal of the evidence, confirmed the decision of the 8
trial Court and upheld the conviction of the appellants herein.
8.
On
behalf of the appellants an attempt was made to convince this Court that from
the materials on record there is nothing to connect the appellants with the
commission of the offence. Even Gusain Singh (PW 1), who was allegedly
accompanying the deceased and was produced as an eye-witness, had clearly
stated that he had not seen the actual murder of the deceased but had only
heard the shrieks of the deceased requesting the appellants not to kill him and
that the said shrieks finally ended. It was, therefore, suggested that in the
absence of any evidence to connect the appellants with the commission of the
offence, both the Trial Court and the High Court had erred in convicting the
appellants under Sections 302 9 and 201 read with Section 34 IPC and Section
394 IPC.
9.
An
attempt was also made to show that the evidence of PW 6, who was allegedly
present both when Mohan Singh has stated before the Investing Officer that he
could locate the body of the deceased and also when the body was recovered, did
not indicate that the said body was recovered at the instance of accused Mohan
Singh. Learned counsel tried to convince the Court that the accused had only
been taken to the place of occurrence and that during the search which was
conducted, the body was recovered, but not at the specific instance of Mohan
Singh. In other words, learned counsel tried to establish that the recovery of
the body was not at the instance of Mohan Singh, but in his presence.
10.
We
are not convinced with the submissions advanced on behalf of the appellants who
were convicted mainly on the basis of circumstantial evidence and the evidence
of PWs 1, 2, 5, 6 and 9 in support thereof. It has been well established that
the deceased and the accused were involved in gambling in front of the tea
stall of PW 2, Bhuwan Singh, and that when the deceased and PW 1, Gusain Singh,
left the place where the gambling was being conducted they were followed by the
accused persons. From the evidence of PW 1, Gusain Singh, it is also
established that the accused persons assaulted the deceased and when he tried
to intervene he was threatened and was made to leave the place, though he heard
the deceased requesting the accused persons not to kill him from the nearby
wheat field. the assault of the deceased were found to have been established by
both the Courts below. In addition, the circumstances also establish the fact
that the accused and the deceased were last seen together by PW 1 and he was
killed soon thereafter. The post-mortem report clearly indicates that the body
had started decomposing and that maggots were found on the body. It has to be
kept in mind that while the date of occurrence is 26th February, 1987, the
First Information Report was filed by PW 5, Smt. Chana Devi on 2nd March, 1987,
the body of the deceased was recovered on 3rd March, 1987, and the post- mortem
was conducted on 4th March, 1987. In other words, between Bhupal Singh's death
and the post-mortem conducted, almost a week had elapsed which fact stands
corroborated 12 from the state of the body at the time of post-mortem
examination.
11.
12.The
last and, in our view, the crucial circumstantial evidence was recovery of the
body of the deceased. Although, an attempt was made to raise doubts as to
whether PW 6 and PW 9 had actually seen the accused Mohan Singh pointing out
the location from which the dead body could be and was subsequently recovered,
since both the courts below have accepted the said evidence and there were no
other intervening circumstances, there is no reason for us to discard the same.
12.
13.In
that view of the matter, we find no reason to interfere with the judgment of
the High Court and the Appeals are, therefore, dismissed.
...................................................J.
(ALTAMAS KABIR)
...................................................J
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