State of Karnataka Vs.
Bantara Sudhakara @ Sudha & ANR [2008] INSC 1178 (18 July 2008)
Judgment
CRIMINAL APPELLATE
JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 288 OF 2001 State of Karnataka ...Appellant
Versus Bantara Sudhakara @ Sudha & Anr. ...
Respondents
Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT,
J.
1.
State
of Karnataka is in appeal against the judgment of the learned Single Judge of
the Karnataka High Court directing acquittal of the respondents who were
charged for commission of offence punishable under Section 376 of the Indian
Penal Code (in short the `IPC').
2.
Background
facts as projected by prosecution in a nutshell are as follows:
P.W.1 and PW2 were
residing alongwith their respective parents at Madenadu and they were working
as coolies in the coffee estate of Pudiyenda Palangappa, Appellant No.2
(accused no. 2) is a tailor by profession having his tailoring shop at
Aatekere, On 16-9-1989 at about 9.00 a.m., PWs, 1 &
2 went to the
tailoring shop of A-2 and requested him to stitch their blouses. At that time
they gave two blouses of theirs for the purpose of measurement along with new
clothes. It is alleged that A-2 asked them to come on the following day to take
delivery of the blouses if they were stitched. Accordingly, on 17.9.1989 they
both went to the tailoring shop to take delivery of the clothes when A-2
informed them that the stitching was not over, upon which both of them asked
him to return the blouses given for measurement. In response to that, A-2 asked
them to go to his house as the blouses were left in his house. Accordingly,
both of them accompanied by A- 1 & A-2 went to the house which was nearby.
A-1 & A-2 went inside the house and as they did not come out of the house
for about 15 minutes, both PWs. 1 & 2 who were waiting outside entered the
house. As soon as they entered the house, A-2 bolted the door and held P.W.2
and A-1 also held PW-l. They were taken to separate rooms and A-1 committed
rape on P.W.1 and A-2 committed rape on PW2, Thereafter, they threatened both
of them that they would be murdered if the incident was revealed to anyone,
Therefore, they kept quiet, On18-9-1989 they went to Madikeri to the house of
Chandrakala (P.W.14). Having stayed in the house of Chandrakala on that night,
they went to Sulia to the house of the uncle of P.W.2. As the PWs 1 & 2
were not found in their houses, parents of PWs. 1 & 2 sent Seshappa (PW17)
who is the elder brother of PW 2 to his maternal uncle's house at Sulia.
Accordingly, he went to the house at Sulia and found both of them and brought
them back to Madenadu, Thereafter, they went to Madikeri Rural Police Station
on 21- 9-1989 and presented a written complaint Ex-P-l signed by P.W.1 which
was received by P.W.26 at 6.45 p.m. On that day, PW 26 registered a case in
Madikeri Rural Police Station in Cr, No.233/89 and submitted FIR as per
Ex-P.33. On the next day he sent them for medical examination to the District
Hospital, Madikeri. PWs. 1 & 2 also produced clothes which they were
wearing at the time of incident which were seized.
P.W.26 went to the
scene of occurrence which is the house of A-2 where the alleged rape was
committed on PWs. 1 & 2, He drew up mahazar Ex-P4 in the house of PW2 in
the presence of panchas and seized broken bangles MOs. 8 & 9, He also drew
mahazar in the shop of A-2 as per Ex-P3 and seized the clothes given for
stitching by PWs. 1 & 2. On 23-9-1989 A-1 was arrested. PW-26 recorded the
statement of A-1 who led them to his house where he drew a mahazar as per
Ex-P.33.
Thereafter, further
investigation was taken up by P.W.24, the Circle Inspector of Police. On
13-11-1989 A-2 appeared before him with order of anticipatory bail. His
statement was recorded after arresting him. He also produced clothes that he
was wearing at the time of incident from his house which were seized as per
Ex-P.29. Both A-1 & A-2 were subjected to medical examination, Dr. G.
Marulasiddappa (P.W 25) issued certificate of A-1 as per Ex-P.27 and Dr.
Suryakumar (PW-3) issued certificate of A-2 as per Ex P.6. After receipt of the
FSL report, he filed a charge sheet. Thereafter, the case was committed to the
Court of Sessions, as the offence alleged against these accused persons is in
respect of offence punishable under Section 376 exclusively triable by the
Court of Sessions. On receipt of this committal order, the Court of Sessions,
Kodagu District, registered a case (S.C. No.45/90) and framed charges against
the accused for the offence punishable under Sec. 376 IPC, and both the
appellants denied the charges and claimed to be tried. To substantiate the case
of the prosecution, it examined 27 witnesses and got marked Exs-P1 to P.34 and
also MOs. 1 to 24.
3.
The
case of the respondents was that in view of some property dispute, PWs. l &
2 filed a false case against them and they are innocent.
4.
The
trial Court found with reference to the evidence on record, more particularly
the documents exhibited by the teacher of the school (PW 16) that the age of
the victims in each case was less than 16 years. Therefore the trial Court held
that the question of consent was irrelevant and immaterial. In appeal, the High
Court held that the age was more than 16 years and there was consent and
accordingly directed acquittal.
5.
Learned
counsel for the appellant-State submitted that the High Court has fallen into
grave error by holding that the age of each of the victims was more than 16
years. Further there was no plea regarding consent and therefore the High Court
on its own could not have made out a case of consent.
6.
Learned
counsel for the respondents on the other hand submitted that the factual scenario
clearly shows consent and the High Court's conclusion about the age and consent
cannot be faulted.
7.
It
is to be noted that the teacher-PW 16 referred to the certificates which
indicated that the date of birth of PW 1 was 5.3.1974 and the date of birth of
PW2 was 1.2.1974. Exhibits 6 P.16 & P.17 are the certificates. The High
Court referred to the evidence of the lady doctor PW 24 with reference to the
X- Ray report which indicated that the age of PWs. 1 & 2 fell between 14 to
16 years. The High Court observed that there was possibility of two years
variation and therefore it was to be taken that the victims were more than 16
years of age. The High Court accepted that there was sexual intercourse and
rejected the plea of false implication. Thereafter it went on to examine the
question of consent. So far as the reasonings of the High Court are concerned
they border on absurdity. All types of surmises and conjectures have been
arrived at. Strangely, it was observed that PW16 the Head Master's evidence was
to be discarded on the ground that the date of birth may not have been recorded
on the basis of any medical certificate or other documentary evidence to show
that these two girls were born on the date as mentioned. The High Court's
conclusions in this regard are not only fallacious but contrary to the evidence
on record. The High Court recorded a further finding that the two certificates
may not relate to the victims though it specifically recorded that there was no
such challenge raised by the accused. Additionally, merely because the doctor's
evidence showed that the victims belong to the age group of 14 and 16, to
conclude that the two years age has to be added to the upper age limit is
without any foundation. There was no basis for coming to such a conclusion. In
any event, the accused persons did not take the stand that there was any
consent. On the contrary, they pleaded that they were falsely implicated. In
State of H.P. v. Shree Kant Shekari [2004 (8) SCC 153] it was observed as
follows:
"The factors
which seem to have weighed with the High Court are (i) the age of the victim,
which according to the High Court was more than 16 years; (ii) no evidence has
been placed by the prosecution to show that the victim had not consented to the
act; and (iii) the time of alleged rape as given by the victim and her mother
was improbabilised by the medical evidence. A particular reference was made to
the fact that a child was born on 10.4.1979 and if the alleged rape has been
committed during the period indicated by the victim and her mother the same
would have been altogether different periods. The delay in lodging the first
information report was also highlighted to attach vulnerability to the
prosecution case.
8 We shall first
deal with the question of age. The radiological test indicated age of the
victim between 15 to 16= years. The school records were produced to establish
that her date of birth was 10.4.1979. The relevant documents are Ex.PW6/A to
PW6/C. The High Court was of the view that these documents were not sufficient
to establish age of the victim because there was another document Ex.PW7/A
which according to the High Court did not relate to the victim. Merely because
one document which was produced by the prosecution did not, according to the
High Court relate to the victim that was not sufficient to ignore the
evidentiary value of Ex.PW6/A to Ex.PW6/C. These were records regarding
admission of the victim to the school and her period of study. These documents
unerringly prove that the date of birth of the victim as per official records
was 10.4.1979.
Therefore, on the
date of occurrence and even when the FIR was lodged on 20.11.1993 she was about
14 years of age. Therefore, the question of consent was really of no
consequence.
Even otherwise the High
Court seems to have fallen in grave error in coming to the conclusion that the
victim has not shown that the act was not done with her consent. It was not for
the victim to show that there was no consent. Factually also the conclusion is
erroneous right from the beginning that is from the stage when the FIR was
lodged and in her evidence there was a categorical statement that the rape was
forcibly done notwithstanding protest by the victim. The High Court was
therefore wrong in putting burden on the victim to show that there was 9 no
consent. The question of consent is really a matter of defence by the accused
and it was for him to place materials to show that there was consent. It is
significant to note that during cross examination and the statement recorded
under Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short the `Code')
plea of consent was not taken or pleaded. In fact in the statement under
Section 313 of the Code the plea was complete denial and false
implication."
8.
Above
being the position, judgment of the High Court is clearly unsustainable and set
aside. The judgment of the trial Court is restored. The respondents shall
surrender to custody to suffer remainder of sentence, if any.
9.
Appeal
is allowed.
.................................J.
(DR.
ARIJIT PASAYAT) .................................J.
(P.
SATHASIVAM) .................................J.
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