State of H.P. Vs.
Suresh Kumar @ Chhotu [2008] INSC 1452 (28 August 2008)
Judgment
[Dr. Arijit Pasayat,
P. Sathasivam and Aftab Alam, JJ] The Order of the Court was delivered by Dr.
ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a learned
Single Judge of the Himachal Pradesh High Court directing acquittal of the
respondent (hereinafter referred to as the `accused'). Learned Sessions Judge,
Kangra at Dharamshala had found the accused guilty of offences punishable under
Sections 363, 366 and 376 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short `IPC') and
sentenced him to undergo rigorous imprisonment for seven years and two years
and fine with default stipulation.
The prosecution
version as unfolded during trial is as follows:
Prosecutrix (PW-2)
daughter of Nirmala Devi (PW-1) and Jagar Nath (PW-3) was, on 23.3.1996 present
in her house in village Sadwan. The accused and Ishwar Dass alias Sheru (who
was a co-accused before the trial court and will be referred to as such
hereafter) came to her house. Accused asked her to marry him. On her refusal,
the accused and the said co-accused threatened to kill her brother. They made
her to accompany them at the point of a knife and was taken to different houses
and finally to the house of Ashok Kumar (who was also a co-accuse before the
trial court and is referred to as such hereafter). From there, she was brought
to Kunalpathri temple for performing marriage with the accused. But she refused
and the priests also refused to perform the marriage. The accused and the
co-accused then took the prosecutrix to the Court premises at Dharamshala where
she was forced to sign an affidavit regarding soleminazation of her marriage
with the accused and such affidavit alongwith affidavit of the accused to the
same effect were attested by R.S.Rana, Advocate (PW-5). She was then taken back
to the house of co- accused Ashok Kumar at Shahpur where she stayed for five
days and during this period, the accused subjected her to sexual intercourse.
When the mother of
the prosecutrix (PW-1) returned home from the fields, she found the prosecutrix
missing and started searching for her in the neighbourhood and also at her
parents' house and finally reported the matter to the police on 26.3.1996 on
the basis of which formal Ex. PW-1/A was registered at Police Station, Nurpur
by ASI Sharif Mohammad (PW-10). The father of the prosecutrix (PW-3) who was,
at the material time, working at Kullu was informed about the occurrence
whereupon he returned home. On the basis of information received, the
policealongwith PW2 recovered the prosecutrix from the house of co-accused
Ashok Kumar vide memo Ex.PW3/A and she was handed over to PW-2 vide memo
Ex.PW-/B. The prosecutrix was got medically examined and Dr. D.R.Royal (PW12)
who examined her issued the MLC Ex.PW-12/B and opined that the possibility of
sexual intercourse qua the prosecutrix could not be ruled out. At the time of medical
examination of the prosecutrix, PW12 took in possession the underwear which the
prosecutrix was wearing at the relevant time and also collected vaginal swab,
prepared the slides and after sealing, handed them over to the police to get
them analyzed from the Chemical Examiner. After arrest, accused was also got
medically examined and Dr. Praveen Bhardwaj who examined him vide MLC Ex.PW13/A
opined that the accused was capable of performing sexual intercourse. At the
time of medical examination, his underwear was also taken in possession by PW13
and handed over to the police for chemical analysis. As per the report
regarding chemical analysis of the aforesaid articles Ex.PX, nothing
incriminating was found in the articles so analysed, except the underwear of
the prosecutrix which was found stained with human blood. During the course of
the investigation, the police also took possession of the age certificate
Ex.PW14/A of the prosecutrix and the abstract of the register Ex.PW14/B. On
completion of the investigation, a charge sheet under Sections 363, 366, 368
and 376 IPC was submitted by the officer in charge, Police Station, Nurpur
against the accused and his co-accused.
The accused abjured
guilt and took the stand that he has been falsely implicated. The co-accused
Ashok Kumar was tried in respect of a charge under Sections 368 and 109 read
with Section 376 IPC and co-accused Ishwar Dass @ Sheru was charged for
offences relatable to Sections 363, 376 read with 34 and Section 109 read with
Section 376.
In order to establish
the accusations, fifteen witnesses were examined. The accused and the
co-accused were examined under Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure,
1973 (in short `Code'). Learned Trial Judge acquitted the co- accused of the
charges but convicted the accused and imposed sentences as aforesaid.
The High Court noted
that there was inconsistency in the evidence of the prosecutrix. She appeared
to have accompanied the accused of her own accord and the sexual intercourse
alleged to have been committed was done with her consent.
The stand of the
prosecutrix was that as she was below 16 years of age, her consent, if any, was
of no consequence. The High Court referred to the evidence of PWs. 1,2,3, and
14 and the documents relied upon i.e. the birth certificate. The High Court
noted that those documents apparently were not relatable to the prosecutrix and
therefore the date of birth indicated in the documents could not be that of the
prosecutrix. It referred to the evidence of the mother. It was concluded that
the documents could not be also relatable to the prosecutrix in view of the
statement of the mother about her own age. That being so, the High Court held
that the accusations were not established and the prosecutrix, as evident from
the documents was more than 16 years of age at the time of occurence.
In support of the
appeal, learned counsel for the appellant-State submitted that the evidence of
the prosecutrix ought not to have been rejected. The documentary evidence,
though there appear to be some inconsistencies in the documents as regards the
name of the child born, and her caste in a village area should have been
considered to be of no consequence.
Learned Amicus
Curiae supported the judgment of the High Court.
We find that the High
Court was justified in its conclusions about the prosecutrix having accompanied
the accused on her own and being a consenting party to the sexual acts. As
rightly contended by learned counsel for the State, if the age of the
prosecutrix was below 16 years, the consent would be of no consequence. But the
High Court's findings as regards the age of the prosecutrix cannot be said to
be without any basis. The High Court has analysed the oral evidence and the
documentary evidence to come to a conclusion that the date of birth of the
prosecutrix as claimed by the prosecution has not been established. That being
so, we find no merit in this appeal which is accordingly dismissed.
We record our
appreciation for the assistance rendered by learned Amicus Curiae.
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