Ramkrushna Vs. State of Maharashtra [2007] Insc 481 (27 April 2007)
S.B. Sinha &
Markandey Katju
S.B. Sinha,
J.
Appellant
who was accused No. 2 before the trial judge is before us, aggrieved by and
dissatisfied with the judgment dated 16.6.2006 passed by the High Court of
Judicature at Bombay, Nagpur Bench, Nagpur in Criminal Appeal No. 31 of 1991
whereby and whereunder appeal preferred by him from a judgment dated 22.1.1991
passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Chandrapur convicting him for
commission of an offence under Section 302/34 of the Indian Penal Code was
dismissed. The parties are closely related. The deceased was one Kannu Shende.
Accused No. 1 (since deceased) was Baliram. Appellant being the accused No. 2
before the Ld. Trial Judge was the brother in law of said Baliram. There were
two eye witnesses to the occurrence in question. P.W. 3 Shobha was his wife and
P.W. 8 Dnyaneshwar was his son. At this stage, we may notice that Dnyaneshwar
later on killed Baliram. He was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for
life. When the trial in this matter was going on, he was undergoing his
sentence.
Prosecution
case is that there had been a dispute by and between the deceased and the said
Baliram with regard to the partition of the joint family properties. Deceased
Baliram also had asked for the motor cycle belonging to the deceased which was
denied. In the midnight at about 2 a.m. on 21.9.1986 both the accused came to
the house of the deceased. Accused No. 1 was armed with a large stick known as "Ubhari".
Appellant was armed with a knife. They had shut the door of the room where
Dnyaneshwar was sleeping. The door between the room of the deceased and his wife
Shobha was, however, open. On hearing a cry of her husband, Shobha came out.
Appellant threatened her at the point of a knife asking her not to shout. Both
the accused then assaulted deceased Kannu Shende with Ubhari (stick) and knife.
P.W. 8 heard
the cries of his father. He tried to come out but found the doors closed. He
could break open the door. He came out of the room and went to that of his
father and saw both the accused coming out of the room. They ran away through
the courtyard. He found his father in an injured condition. He also saw bleeding
injuries on his person. He shouted for help whereupon 20-25 persons from the
locality arrived. Shobha, P.W. 3 disclosed to him that the accused had assaulted
the deceased. P.W. 8 went to the Police Patil, Vishwanath, P.W. 1 immediately.
He wrote down a Report.
P.W. 1 came
to the house and thereafter went with P.W. 8 to Sindewahi Police Station where
First Information Report was lodged. The Police Station is situate at about 9
kilometers from the Village. The report was recorded at about 6.45 a.m.
During
investigation, Appellant herein made a confession leading to recovery of the
handle of the knife which is said to have been used for causing the murder of
the deceased.
Before the
learned trial judge, inter alia the wife of the deceased was examined. She
turned hostile. Two other witnesses P.W. 5, Nilesh and P.W. 7 Uttam who had made
statements before the Police that they alongwith Baliram and Ramkrushna came to
the village on cycle were also declared hostile. The learned trial judge,
however, relied upon the statements of Dnyaneshwar (P.W. 8) and to some extent
the deposition of P.W. 3, Shobha. The appellant was found to be guilty of
commission of the said offence. Appeal preferred by the appellant thereagainst
as noticed hereinbefore has been dismissed.
Dr. Rajiv
Masudkar, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant in support of
this appeal inter alia would submit:- i) As the sole eye-witness P.W. 3 had
turned hostile, a judgment of conviction cannot be sustained.
ii) The High
Court committed a serious irregularity in not scrutinizing deeply the statements
of P.W. 8 as he was not an eye-witness and furthermore contradicted himself in
material particulars.
iii) The
butt of the knife having been recovered from an open place, no reliance could
have been placed on the recovery thereof.
iv) The High
Court did not deal with the question of motive for commission of the crime
elaborately.
Mr. Ravindra
Keshavrao Adsure, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respondent on the
other hand, in support of the judgment would submit;
i) The
courts below did not commit any mistake in relying upon the evidence of P.W. 3
which clearly supports the prosecution case.
ii) P.W. 4
having proved the recovery of the handle of the knife, the involvement of the
appellant stands proved.
iii) The
Serologist Report clearly establishes that samples of human blood found in the
butt of the knife and that of the deceased were of the same group.
Indisputably, the First Information Report was lodged at the earliest possible
time. The Police Patil, P.W. 1 was approached by the first informant P.W. 8 soon
after the incident. He categorically stated that the appellant and the deceased
Baliram were named as the assailants of his deceased by P.W. 8.
Disclosure
of the names of the assailants of the deceased by P.W. 8 at the earliest
possible opportunity, being not in dispute, the courts below in our opinion did
not commit any error whatsoever in believing the prosecution case.
P.W. 8 was
the son of the deceased, he accepted that he had killed Baliram and had been
undergoing the sentence of life imprisonment for commission of the said offence.
The
description of the house has not been disputed. Evidence of the Investigating
Officer Ganpatrao Darwadkar, P.W. 9 clearly shows that one cane containing
kerosene oil and other articles were found near the place of occurrence.
Dyaneshwar's
evidence fully supported the prosecution case. He was the first person to arrive
at the place of occurrence on hearing the cries of his father. He had to break
open the door. He found the accused coming out of the room. He had asked them to
wait but they ran away. The fact that his doors were bolted from outside to
prevent any male member from assaulting the accused and his arriving at the
scene of occurrence immediately after the assault took place is beyond any
shadow of doubt. He found the deceased with bleeding injuries at several places
on his person.
He also
found the butt of the knife embedded in the stomach of the deceased.
His step
mother P.W. 3 categorically stated that it was the accused who had assaulted the
deceased. She might have turned hostile but she had seen two persons in the
room. Accused No. 1 was one of them. She in her examination-in-chief although
stated that she could not identify the other person, but in her cross
examination by the prosecution, she categorically stated that a person other
than Baliram threatened her on the point of knife preventing her from shouting.
Baliram uttered the words, according to her "Ramya Kai Pahates". There are
materials on records to show that Appellant was having a knife.
P.W. 3
identified the appellant in the court. She categorically stated that the accused
before the Court was the same person who had been preventing her from shouting
at the point of knife.
From the
post-mortem report it appears that the deceased had suffered as many as seven
ante-mortem injuries. On examination of the dead body of the deceased the
Autopsy Surgeon in his report observed:
"This wound
along with the same hand weapon which was a knife, which was 5 to 6 inches in
length blackish colour made up of iron with int handle, one side of which was
sharp and Narrowing toward the to its (sic)."
In his
opinion, the probable cause of death was shock and hemorrhage because of
multiple external injuries and injuries to internal organs like heart and
intestine. P.W. 6, Keshav Laman Gamdar proved that the appellant had hired a
cycle from him. He also identified him in the court as the person who had hired
the cycle.
The Chemical
Analyst's Report (Ext. 38) establishes that human blood was found on the knife
and also on the butt of the knife having been recovered at the instance of the
appellant, is also of some significance.
Discovery of
the said fact is admissible under Section 27 of the Indian Evidence Act.
It is also
not correct to contend that the butt of the knife was recovered from an open
place. According to P.W. 4, the knife was found in the pitch of manure at
Village Chikhalgaon of which the appellant was the resident.
He
categorically stated that the butt of the knife could not have been seen by a
person passing through the road. Clothes of the appellant were also recovered at
his instance.
The High
Court might not have dealt with the question of motive elaborately but when the
presence of the appellant with Balram has been established, motive takes a back
seat. Appellant must have come to the place of occurrence. He came with a knife.
The knife injuries were found.
Even if the
prosecution has not been able to establish as to the exact role played by each
of the accused, the fact that both the accused had common intention to commit
the crime stood established. Submissions of the learned counsel for the State in
this behalf are of some significance. The learned Trial Judge as also the Trial
Court cannot be said to have committed any error in relying upon the testimony
of the P.W. 3 in part. It is in our opinion permissible in law. [See Soma Bhai v
State of Gujarat, AIR 1975 SC 1453] It is well-settled that the courts are
entitled to rely upon a part of the testimony of a witness who has been
permitted to be cross-examined by the prosecution.
In State of
U.P. v. Ramesh Prasad Misra and Another [(1996) 10 SCC 360], this Court opined:
"7.It is
equally settled law that the evidence of a hostile witness would not be totally
rejected if spoken in favour of the prosecution or the accused, but it can be
subjected to close scrutiny and that portion of the evidence which is consistent
with the case of the prosecution or defence may be accepted"
[See also
Gurpreet Singh v. State of Haryana, (2002) 8 SCC 18 and Gagan Kanojia & Anr. v.
State of Punjab, 2006 (12) SCALE 479] For the reasons aforementioned, there is
no merit in this appeal, which is dismissed accordingly.
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