Commissioner
of Central Excise, Surat Vs. M/S Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Ltd [2006] Insc 788
(10 November 2006)
S.B.
Sinha & Dalveer Bhandari S.B. Sinha, J :
Respondent
herein manufacture hair oil under the brand name of "Alma Lio". It
was classified under SH No.3003.39 of the Schedule appended to the Central
Excise Tariff Act, 1985 (for short, 'the 1985 Act').
The
said entry provides for excise duty at the rate of 8% ad valorem being Ayurvedic
Medicament. A show cause notice was issued as to why the said product shall not
be classified under SH No.3305.99 being a cosmetic product attracting excise
duty at the rate of 30% ad valorem. It was alleged that by wrong classification
of its product there had been a short payment of central excise duty amounting
to Rs.11,12,129/-. A demand of the said amount in terms of Rule 9(2) of the
Central Excise Rules, 1944 (for short, 'the Rules') read with section 11A of
the Central Excise Act, 1944 (for short, 'the 1944 Act') was issued. A penal
action in terms of rule 173-Q of Rules was also proposed. Cause having been
shown by Respondent, the matter was heard by the Deputy Commissioner, who
opined that the product was classifiable under SH 3305.99 of the 1985 Act.
Respondent was directed to make good the short payment. A penalty of Rs.11,12,129/-
was also imposed upon it together with interest. An order for recovery of
interest under section 11 AB of the 1944 Act was also passed. The appeal
preferred by Respondent before the Commissioner (Appeals) was dismissed by an
order dated 17.4.2003. He, however, opined that the product being not perfumed
and being hair tonic, and as such different from hair oil, could be classified
under Chapter Heading No.3305.99 falling in the residuary group.
He
also directed valuation of the goods to be done under Section 4A of the 1944
Act. On a further appeal made by Respondent before the Tribunal, the product
was held to be classifiable under SH-3305.10 as 'perfumed hair oil'.
The
matter was remanded to the Adjudicating Authority for recomputing the duty of
excise payable.
Appellant
is, thus, before us.
Mr.
Mohan Parasharan, the learned Additional Solicitor General of India, appearing
on behalf of Appellant, submitted that the Tribunal went wrong in classifying
the product of Respondent as perfumed hair oil although it never disclosed the
manufacturing process involved therein.
Mr. Madhav
Rao, the learned counsel appearing on behalf of Respondent, on the other hand,
supported the judgment.
Before
the assessing authority, Respondent disclosed the manufacturing process
undertaken by it, which is as under :
"(a)
Aqueous extract of Mehandi, Bhringraj, Amla, Doodhi Seeds, Renukbeej, Ambagotti,
is prepared and concentrated.
(b)
Coconut oil in hearted with Nagarevel Pan.
(c)
Concentrated equeous extract is added to coconut oil and boiled.
(d)
Milk solution is added to hot Coconut oil and boiled. Then kapur kachli powder
is added.
(e)
Bulk is cooled and fragrance is added. It is kept for 7 days and
filtered."
The
assessing authority in its order furthermore noticed :
"They
further submitted that the Coconut oil is used in the said Product for the
purpose of using the same as base to enable application of the above referred Ayurvedic
Ingredients. Their product contains, time tested herbs with well known
properties. They submitted the various properties of the said Ayurvedic. Ingredients
ultimately ensured dandruff free hair, and also strengthen and promotes of the
various ingredients use is the said "Almalio" the details against
each of the said Ingredients:-
(A) Mehandi,
Amlaki & Kapur Kachli :
To
strengthen and promote healthy hair growth.
(B) Bhringraj
:
To
make hair dark, luxuriant and prevent dandruff.
(C) Doodhibeej
& Dugdha :
To
cool head
(D) Renuk
beej & Amaresthi :
To Nourish
the scalp.
They
submitted that the use of the above Ingredients in their product "Almalio"
are having Pre- dominant curative or prophylactic value and the use of the same
cannot be compared with any other ordinary preparation intended to be use on
hair." It is, therefore, not correct to contend that Respondent never
disclosed the manufacturing process. The assessing authority, inter alia, held
:
"(x)
Assuming with admitted (sic) their product merits classification under Chapter
33 as cosmetics or toilet preparation, then it deserves to classify under
Chapter Sub Heading No. 3305.10 and not under 3305.99 as alleged in the Show
Cause Notice. The Chapter Sub Heading No. 3305.10 is applicable to the perfumed
hair oil whereas Chapter Sub Heading No.3305.99 covers preparation for use on
the hair other than perfumed hair oil and hair fixer. They submitted that going
by the contents of their product and manufacturing process set out hereinabove,
their product does contain Sugandhi Dravya i.e. perfume and accordingly it
merits classification as perfume hair oil under 3305.10. In this context they
refer to and rely upon the decision of Honourable Supreme Court of India in the
case of Dumlop India Ltd., wherein the court has held as under:- "When an
article has by all standard reasonable claim to be classified under an
enumerated item in a Tariff Schedule then it would be against the very
principle of classification to deny it a parentage and consign it to an
orphanage to the residuary clause (Para-37)".
The
Tribunal, on the other hand, as indicated hereinbefore, proceeded on the basis
that only because some ingredients of the product are mentioned in the
authoritative books of Ayurveda, the same would not make the product a
medicament. It also noticed the ingredients and the therapeutic or prophylactic
uses of the product stating :
"Further
the properties of the various ingredients used in the manufacture of the
impugned product has been described by the Appellants as under:- Ingredients
Properties
(i) Mehandi,
Amla & Kapur Kachli To strengthen and promote healthy hair growth
(ii) Bhringraj
To make hair dark luxuriant and prevent dandruff.
(iii) Doodhi
Beej and Dugdha To cool head
(iv)Ronuk
Beej and Amarasthi To nourish the scalp.
"The
Tribunal, however, proceeded to consider the alternative submission made on
behalf of Respondent to hold :
"The
learned Counsel has alternatively claimed the classification under sub-heading
No. 3305.10 as perfumed hair oil. The Commissioner (Appeals) has classified the
impugned product under sub-heading 3305.99 as there was nothing on record to
show that the product is being perfumed. The learned Advocate has mentioned
that fragrance is added in the impugned product at the end of the manufacturing
process. This is apparent from the manufacturing process detailed in the
Adjudication Order. We, therefore, hold that the impugned product is
classifiable under sub-heading 3305.10 and the matter is remanded to the
jurisdictional Adjudicating Authority to recompute the duty of excise payable
by the appellants. We also agree with the learned advocate that the issue
involved being classification of a product for which classification declaration
was filed by the Appellants, penalty under Rule 173Q of the Central Excise
Rules, 1944 is not imposable. We, therefore, set aside the penalty imposed on
the Appellants.
Respondent,
as noticed hereinbefore, not only disclosed the ingredients of its products,
but also disclosed the manufacturing process. On almost identical situation, as
would appear from the discussions made hereinafter, such a product has been
held to be an Ayurvedic product.
The
relevant entries are as under :
"Heading
No.
Sub-heading
No.
Description
of goods Rate of duty 30.03 3003.39 Other 8% 33.05 3305.10 Perfumed hair oils
Other 18% 33.05 3305.99 Other 30%" Note 2 of Chapter 33 reads as follows:-
"2. Heading Nos. 33.03 to 33.07 apply, inter alia, to products, whether or
not mixed (other than aqueous distillates and aqueous solutions of essential
oils), suitable for use as goods of these headings and put up in packings with
labels, literature or other indications that they are for use as cosmetics or
toilet preparations or put up in a form clearly specialized to such use and
includes products whether or not they contain subsidiary pharmaceutical or
antiseptic constituents, or are held out as having subsidiary curative or
prophylactic value." In Commissioner of Central Excise, Calcutta v. Sharma Chemical Works [(2003) 5
SCC 60], this Court noticed its earlier decisions to hold that onus of proof to
show that a particular product is classifiable under one entry or the other is
on the Revenue. "Banphool Oil" was held therein as classifiable as an
Ayurvedic Medicament under sub-heading 3003.30 stating :
"Mere
fact that a product is sold across the counters and not under a doctor's
prescription, does not by itself lead to the conclusion that it is not a
medicament. We are also in agreement with the submission of Mr Lakshmikumaran
that merely because the percentage of medicament in a product is less, does not
also ipso facto mean that the product is not a medicament. Generally the
percentage or dosage of the medicament will be such as can be absorbed by the
human body. The medicament would necessarily be covered by fillers/vehicles in
order to make the product usable. It could not be denied that all the
ingredients used in Banphool Oil are those which are set out in the Ayurveda
textbooks. Of course the formula may not be as per the textbooks but a
medicament can also be under a patented or proprietary formula. The main
criterion for determining classification is normally the use it is put to by
the customers who use it. The burden of proving that Banphool Oil is understood
by the customers as a hair oil was on the Revenue" In Alpine Industries v.
Collector of Central Excise, New Delhi [2003 (152) E.L.T.16 (SC)] : (2003) 3
SCC 111], this Court held that 'Lip salve' is a kind of 'barrier cream' or a
protective cream against skin irritants and, therefore, not a medicament,
stating :
"Such
preparations which have a subsidiary curative or prophylactic value clearly
fall under Entries 33.03 to 33.07 as per Note 2 under Chapter 33. The product
clearly is covered by Entry 33.04 read with Note 5 of Chapter 33, it
essentially being a preparation for protection of lips or skin. We have also
gone through the minority opinion expressed by one of the members of the
Tribunal and the reasoning therein supported before us on behalf of the
appellant" The Tribunal in Commissioner of Central Excise, Cochin v. Kerala
Ayurvedic Pharmacy Ltd. [2005 (187) E.L.T. 29] followed Alpine Industries
(supra), holding :
"The
Respondent's product 'Kesini oil' is a preparation for use on hair and fits the
description in chapter heading 33.05 of the schedule. Once a product is a
preparation for use in hair, the fact that it has therapeutic values does not
take it away from the purview of chapter 33. The impugned product is
classifiable under chapter 33. We set aside the order of the Commissioner
(Appeals) and allow the appeals." A special leave petition filed thereagainst
was dismissed by this Court.
Recently,
however, in Puma Ayurvedic Herbal (P) Ltd. v. Commissioner, Central Excise, Nagpur
[2006 (196) E.L.T. 3 (SC) : (2006) 3 SCC 266], 'Puma Hair Tonic Powder' and
'Puma Anti-Dandruff Oil', 'Puma Shishu Rakshak Tel' were held to be medicinal
products having regard to the medicinal property. Respondent, therefore, could
contend that there product also is an Ayurvedic medicament. Tribunal, however,
proceeded on the alternative submissions made on its behalf. No appeal has been
filed against the order of the Tribunal refusing to classify the product of
respondent as an Ayurvedic Medicament.
We
are, therefore, only left with the contention that the product of Respondent is
a 'perfumed hair oil'. Indisputably, perfume is added.
Addition
of perfume is a part of manufacturing process. It is one of the ingredients of
the product.
We
therefore without going into the question as to whether the product of
Respondent has any therapeutic value or not would agree with the judgment of
the Tribunal. We, thus, find no merit in this appeal. It is dismissed
accordingly. However, in the facts and circumstances of the case, there shall
be no order as to costs.
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