Kishori
Lal Vs. Sales Officer, District Land Development Bank & Ors [2006] Insc 528
(24 August 2006)
S.B.
Sinha & Dalveer Bhandari
WITH Civil
Appeal No.6165 of 1999 S.B. Sinha, J.
The
District Land Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as 'the Bank') situated
at Tikamgarh in the State of Madhya Pradesh is a Co- operative Society
registered under the Madhya Pradesh Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 ('the 1960
Act', for short). Its functions are regulated by M.P. Sahkari Bhoomi Vikas Bank
Adhiniyam, 1966 ('the 1966 Act', for short). The appellant herein was an
agriculturist. He obtained a sum of Rs.6,473.69p. by way of loan from the said
Co-operative Society on three different occasions. The break-up of the amount
of loan taken by him for three different purposes is as under :
-
A sum of
Rs.1,300/- was taken on 5.5.71; and
-
Rs.1,200/- was
taken on 5.5.71 for the purpose of purchase of a pumping set; and
-
A sum of
Rs.3,973.69p. was taken on 25.8.71 for the purpose of construction of well.
By way
of security of loan so taken, he had mortgaged with the Bank his agricultural
holdings comprising in Khasra Nos. 430, 431, 432, 435, 437, 439, 441, 442, 443,
444, 446 and 447 measuring 10.59 acres. Allegedly, he failed to repay the said
amount of loan. Recovery proceedings were, therefore, initiated against him by
the Bank. On the date when the loan was taken, the appellant was a minor. The
lands mortgaged to the Bank were sold. A sale certificate was issued in the
name of auction purchaser Smt. Chandrakanta Devi. An appeal preferred by him
thereagainst before the Joint Registrar, Co-operative Societies, Bhopal, was dismissed by an order dated
30.5.1986. A second appeal before the Board of Revenue, however, succeeded. The
Sales Officer, District Land Development Bank filed a writ petition before the
High Court aggrieved by and dissatisfied therewith which, by reason of the
impugned judgment, has been allowed.
The
contentions of the appellant, which found favour with the Board of Revenue, are
as under :-.
-
No notice of auction
was served upon the him;
-
The statutory
requirements of Section 18(2)(b) of the Land Development Bank Act and Rule
15(d) of the Rules framed thereunder, known as M.P. Sahakari Bhoomi Vikas Bank
Rules, 1967 ('the Rules', for short) were not complied with.
-
The service of
the proclamation report was not certified by the person who effected the
service.
-
He was a miser.
By
reason of the impugned judgment, the High Court, however, reversed the said
findings holding :-
-
The
irregularities in the auction cannot be a ground for impeaching the title of
the purchaser in terms of Section 27 of the 1966 Act;
-
Non-service of
notice was a procedural irregularity.
A
Letters Patent Appeal filed by the appellant before the Division Bench was
dismissed holding that the same was not maintainable on the premise that the
learned Single Judge has exercised jurisdiction under Article 227 of the
Constitution of India.
Ms.
Sandhya Goswami, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant would
submit that the appellant having been found to be a minor, the contract was
void and in that view of the matter, the impugned judgments cannot be
sustained.
Mr.
Balraj Dewan, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents, on the
other hand, urged that the Board of Revenue committed a serious error in
holding that the appellant was a minor as it, in support thereof, relied upon
two inadmissible pieces of documents, namely, medical certificate dated
22.7.1985 and the mark-sheet of Higher Secondary Education issued by the M.P.
Higher Secondary Board, Bhopal. In any event, the said documents being not
public documents were not admissible in evidence and in that view of the
matter, the High Court rightly set aside the order of the Board of Revenue. It
was furthermore urged that as the said documents were filed for the first time
before the Joint Registrar, Co- operative Societies, the appellant could not be
cross-examined and thus, they were inadmissible in evidence.
The
appellant herein does not deny or dispute that he had taken loan from the
Co-operative Bank. It is also not denied or disputed that he had mortgaged his
agricultural lands by way of security for the loan taken. It is also not in
dispute that a proceeding was initiated against him for recovery of the amount
as he had not been able to pay the due instalments. The factum of holding
auction is also not disputed.
The
Board of Revenue under the M.P. Land Revenue Code is the final court of fact.
Indisputably, holding of auction is governed by the provisions of the 1966 Act.
Some notices appear to have been served upon the appellant, but, thereafter,
service of notice on the appellant is said to have been effected by affixing a
notice on his house when he was not available.
A
purported notice was also published in a newspaper. The Board of Revenue, in
regard to service of notice, has clearly came to the conclusion that the
statutory requirements envisaged under Section 18(2) of the 1966 Act and Rule
15 of the Rules have not been complied with, by reason whereof the appellant
had not been served with the notice. He had not been given an opportunity of
hearing. The Board of Revenue opined that the authorities concerned did not
consider these aspects of the matter. In regard to the question of minority, as
indicated hereinbefore, the appellant had filed two documents before the Joint
Registrar. The respondents may be right in their submissions that they had the
right to cross-examine the appellant, but it does not appear from the records
that any objection as regards the admissibility thereof had been taken either
before the court of first appeal or before the Board of Revenue. The said plea,
at this stage, therefore, is not available to them. The Board of Revenue,
having regard to the documents brought on records, opined that the appellant
was aged about 15 years in the year 1971. The High Court did not address itself
on the question of minority of the appellant on the date of entering into the
contract of loan. As regards the question of service of notice, the High Court
opined :
"The
respondent Kishorilal promised to deposit a sum of Rs.700/- on 25.4.75 and on
account of this, the auction sale was postponed and Kishorilal deposited a sum
of Rs.700/- on 22.4.74 as promised. This fact establishes that the proceedings
for auction were in vogue since earlier i.e. before 25.4.75 and the auction
sale was stayed on account of the deposit of a sum of Rs.700/- by Kishorilal
and accordingly, the Board of Revenue found that the notices which were served
on Kishorilal were before 22.4.75 and completed their effect on 22.4.75.
Thereafter on 30.3.76 in Form 8, a notice was issued and Kishorilal was at
Gwalior and as such, the notice was served on the member of his family and the
auction took place on 6.5.78 on which date no body made any bid and thereafter,
according to the order sheet dated 21.5.1981, Kishorilal was contacted. This
order sheet does not contain anything regarding service of the notice for
auction. The process server has reported "Kishorilal is not found at his
house and the members of the family refused to take notice." The notice
was pasted in front of the witnesses on the house, which obtained the thumb
impression of Laxmidevi. But who is this Laxmidevi is nowhere mentioned. This
is the basis for decision by the Board of Revenue that on the note sheet dated
2.6.82 it has been mentioned that Kishorilal was not living in the village and
the notice issued earlier in the year 1975 and the purpose of that notice was
completed on 22.4.75.
Accordingly,
the respondents have failed to comply with the provisions of Section 18(2) of
the Act." From what has been noticed hereinbefore, it is evident that
there has been no proper service of notice upon the appellant. The High Court
did not arrive at a finding that there was a valid service of notice.
The
High Court, however, proceeded on the basis that Section 27 of the 1966 Act
validated such auction. It reads as under :
-
"Title of purchaser not
impeachable for irregularities.
When a
sale has been made in professed exercise of a power of sale under Section 19
and has been confirmed under Section 21, the title of the purchaser shall not
be impleachable on the ground that no case had arisen to authorise the sale or
that due notice was not given or that the power was otherwise improperly or
irregularly exercised of the power shall have his remedy in damages against the
Development Bank." Section 27 of the Act does not state that no notice is
necessary to be served. It speaks of due notice. Where a service has been
effected but not in accordance with the known procedure, the matter may be
different. The appellant, in view of the finding of fact arrived at, was not
living in the village at all. He was living in Gwalior. Admittedly, no notice was served as one person refused to
accept the same. Whether she was a family member at all or not has not been
proved. We may notice, the auction purchaser did not question the findings of
fact arrived at by the Board of Revenue.
Before
the High Court a writ petition was filed only by the Sales Officer. The auction
purchasers, therefore, cannot question the findings of fact arrived at by the
Board of Revenue for the first time before this Court.
Section
27 of the 1966 Act does not protect an auction sale when the initial contract
of loan was void ab initio.
The
learned Single Judge of the High Court, in our opinion, committed an error in
interfering with the findings of fact arrived at by the Board of Revenue. The
Division Bench of the High Court also wrongly dismissed the LPA without
noticing that an appeal would be maintainable if the writ petition was filed
under Article 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India as was held by this
Court in Sushilabai Laxminarayan Mudliyar & Ors. vs. Nihalchand Waghajibhai
Shaha & Ors. [(1993) Supp.1 SCC 11].
However,
with a view to do complete justice between the parties, in our considered
opinion, the appellant should be directed to deposit the entire auction money
with interest thereupon @6% per annum. This order is being passed by us under
Article 142 of the Constitution of India. Such amount should be deposited
within eight weeks from this date before respondent No.1, Sales Officer. On
such deposit being made, the auction shall stand set aside and the possession
of the property shall be restored to the appellant herein. However, in the
event the appellant fails and/or neglects to deposit the said amount within the
aforementioned period, these appeals shall stand dismissed.
The
appeals are allowed with the aforementioned directions. No costs.
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