Government
of Andhra Pradesh & Anr Vs. Maharshi Publishers Pvt. Ltd. & Ors [2002] Insc
458 (1 November 2002)
S.N.
Variava & B.N. Srikrishna. Srikrishna , J.
Leave
granted.
This
group of appeals impugns the common judgment of the Division Bench of the Andhra
Pradesh High Court dated 8th May, 2001 in WA 1715/1998, WA 1716/1998, WA
1720/1998, CC 114/2001, CC 115/2001 & CC 116/2001, dismissing the Letters
Patent Appeals filed by the State of Andhra Pradesh and quashing a G.O. Ms.
No.38 dated 16.1.2001 (Annex P-4) issued by the Government of Andhra Pradesh.
The
short facts for disposal of these appeals are as under :
The
Government of Andhra Pradesh had taken a policy decision to encourage the
functioning of Newspaper Concerns and Educational Institutions, which were
finding it difficult to find land within the State at affordable prices. A
large tract of 72 acres of vacant land in Survey No.403 corresponding to T.S.
No.2 of Shaikpet Village of Hyderabad District was owned by the State
Government. Out of this land, an extent of 43 acres had been allotted to the
Hyderabad Urban Development Authority (HUDA) for the purpose of development of
residential plots, which could be sold and proceeds thereof utilized for the
formation of the Necklace road around Hussain Sagar lake. The possession of the
aforesaid land was handed over to HUDA on 22.5.1993. Pursuant to its policy of
granting land to members of the Fourth Estate and educational institutions, the
Government resumed 10 acres out of the aforesaid 72 acres. 8 acres of land therefrom
was allotted to Newspaper concerns and 2 acres of land was allotted to Roots Public School. This was done pursuant to the policy of the Government and
a scheme for encouraging Newspaper Concerns and Educational Institutions and to
provide incentives to them by assigning lands at affordable prices. Pursuant to
the said scheme by G.O. Ms.No. 199 dated 23.2.1994, 2 acres of land was
assigned to M/s. Roots Educational Society Private Limited at the rate of Rs.
200/- per sq. yard and possession thereof was delivered to the said Society on
17.5.1994. By G.O. Ms.No. 800 dated 5.8.1994, 2 acres of land was assigned to
M/s. DOT Publishers (Publishers of Andhra Jyothi daily Newspaper). Similarly,
by another G.O. Ms. No.1096 dated 31.10.1994 (Annex P-1), two acres of land was
assigned on M/s.Balaji Administrative Services (P) Ltd.. By G.O. Ms No. 1098
dated 31.10.1994 (Annex P-1), two acres of land was assigned to M/s. Maharshi
Publishers Private Ltd. and by G.O. Ms. No. 1099 dated 31.10.1994 (Annex P-1)
two acres of land were assigned to M/s. Creative Industries private Limited.
Before
assignment of the lands, the State Government had called for a report from the
District Collector for fixing the value of the assigned lands and for
collecting the price from the assignees. The District Collector of Hyderabad
sent a report fixing the value of the land at Rs.200/- per sq. yard.
At
that rate, each of the assignees was called upon to deposit Rs.19,36,000/-.
M/s. Balaji
Administrative Services Pvt. Ltd., M/s. Maharishi Publishers Pvt. Ltd. and M/s.
Creative Industries Pvt. Ltd., each deposited the said amount of Rs.19,36,000/-
on 29.11.1994. However, for some reason, possession of the land was not
delivered to the said three assignees though they had complied with all
conditions stipulated in the respective Government Orders. In glaring contrast,
Roots Public School had been delivered possession even as early as 17.5.1994,
although the full price had not been paid by it. The said School was given the
facility of paying the amount in five equal instalments and it was admitted
that possession was delivered after receipt of the first instalment equal to
1/5th of the price.
Similarly,
in the case of M/s. DOT Publishers, possession was delivered on 31.8.1994
without collecting any amount from them, though, according to the State
Government, M/s. DOT Publishers had paid the amount of Rs.19,36,000/- in two instalments
of Rs.5 lacs and Rs. 14,36,000/- respectively on 24.9.1994 and 26.9.1994. It
would thus appear that advance possession had been given to M/s. DOT Publishers
on 31.8.1994 even before payment of the first instalment. Both Roots Public School and M/s. DOT Publishers are in possession of the respective
lands allotted to them and the assignments made in their favour by G.O.Ms. No.
199 dated 23.2.1994 and G.O.Ms. No. 800 dated 5.8.1994 are in tact and have not
been cancelled.
Apart
from these assignments, the State Government had also assigned 1200 sq. yards
of land to M/s. ABK Publishers running Newspaper "Vaartha" in Gaganmahal
area, near Indira Park, vide G.O.Ms. No. 1312 dated 23.12.1993. This assignment
also remained intact and was not cancelled.
Based
on these facts, M/s Maharshi Publishers (P) Ltd., M/s. Creative Industries
Private Limited and M/s. Balaji Administrative Services (P) Ltd. filed Writ
Petitions Nos. 3384, 3376 and 4637 of 1996 before the High Court of Andhra
Pradesh, alleging hostile discriminatory treatment on the part of the State
Government amounting to infringement of the right to equality guaranteed under
Article 14 of the Constitution. The learned Single Judge who heard the writ
petitions was satisfied that there was no substance in the contentions urged by
the State authorities and HUDA and that there was a clear case of
discrimination amounting to infringement of Article 14 was made out and that
the writ petitioners were entitled to succeed. By his judgment dated 1st May,
1998, the learned Single Judge after elaborately discussing the facts and the
contentions urged, allowed the three writ petitions and directed the State
Government to resume the concerned lands and hand over possession of the
respective lands to the three writ petitioners within a period of four weeks
from the date of receipt of a copy of the Order.
What
transpired thereafter is somewhat strange. The State Government and HUDA filed
writ appeals before the Division Bench of the High Court challenging the
judgment of the Single Judge. Simultaneously, the State Government issued a
fresh G.O. Ms. No.38 dated 16.1.2001, by which it purported to cancel G.O.Ms.
Nos. 1096, 1098 and 1099 dated 31.10.1994 and directed the Collector, Hyderabad
to repay the amount deposited by the three writ petitioners with Bank rate of
interest as directed in the said G.O. The three writ petitioners filed Contempt
Petitions, being CC No.114 of 2001 (by M/s. Creative Industries Pvt. Ltd.) CC
NO. 115 of 2001 (by M/s. Maharishi Publishers Pvt. Ltd.) and CC Nos. 116 of
2001 (by M/s. Balaji Administrative Services Pvt. Ltd.). The Division Bench
heard the writ appeals filed by the State of Andhra Pradesh as well as HUDA
against the common judgment of the learned Single Judge along with Contempt
Petitions and disposed of the same by the common judgment dated 8th May, 2001,
which is impugned in the present appeals.
The
learned counsel for the Appellant reiterated the contentions which were urged
before the High Court. We are in agreement with the view taken by the learned
Single Judge of the High Court, as approved by the Division Bench, that on the
facts and material placed before the High Court, even in 1996, no developmental
activity had been undertaken by HUDA and the stand taken by HUDA that it had
spent more than Rs. 1 crore and that the lands could not be resumed by the
State Government, was untenable. The High Court also rightly took the view that
the land originally belonged to the State Government and under Section 20 of
the A.P. Urban Area (Development) Act, 1975, the State Government could always
resume the land by issuing the appropriate Governmental Orders. Finally, if at
all HUDA was aggrieved by the act of the State Government resuming the lands
which had been assigned to the aggrieved petitioners, the HUDA should have
challenged such orders. HUDA not having challenged the orders of resumption,
the orders of resumption became final as far as HUDA was concerned The
contention that Zoning Regulations were likely to be violated by assigning and
delivering possession of the land in favour of the writ petitioners, also has
no substance. As rightly pointed out by the High Court, Zoning Regulations can
always be relaxed, if necessary. In any event, if the other assignees were
permitted to carry on the same business in the same area, it could hardly be
contended that the Zoning Regulations were likely to be violated only in the
case of original three writ petitioners. The contention that the value of
Rs.200/- per sq. yard is far too less as compared to the market price, is also
of no avail. The value of the land was fixed on a report made by the Collector
after due enquiry and, presumably, reflects the prevalent price in the year
1994. Merely because the land prices may have risen subsequently, after laying
out the plots in the adjoining area and the provision of amenities the
assignments, the assignments could not have been cancelled. Article 14
guarantees equal treatment to persons who are equally situated. That the three
writ petitioners were situated equally as M/s. DOT Publishers and Roots Public School, is beyond cavil. The High Court was therefore right in
taking the view that there was infringement of Article 14.
Another
contention urged before the Division Bench of the High Court and reiterated
before us, is that there were no contracts signed by complying with the
formalities under Article 299 of the Constitution and therefore the Government
was not obliged to honour its commitments. This contention has rightly been
repelled by the Division Bench of the High Court by pointing out that the sale
of the land was not as a result of any commercial transaction by the State
Government, but pursuant to its declared socio-economic policy reflected in the
scheme of allotment of land to give incentives to Newspapers Concerns and
Educational Institutions.
The
High Court rightly held that this was an executive act falling within the province of Article 162 and not within the ambit of Article 299 of the
Constitution. The material placed on record does clearly indicate that undue favour
was shown to Roots Public School and M/s. DOT Publishers as the assigned lands were handed
over to them even without full payment being made. In the case of M/s. DOT
Publishers, not even a rupee had been paid by them as on the date on which
advance possession was given to them. In the case of three writ petitioners
before the High Court, who, in our opinion, were equally situated, there was
hostile discrimination against them in that, despite fully depositing the
amount of Rs. 19,36,000/-, possession was not handed over to them on one
pretext or the other and they were driven to filing writ petitions before the
High Court. In the circumstances, we are of the opinion that the judgment of
the High Court under appeal holding that there was violation of the Fundamental
Rights of the writ petitioners under Article 14 is justified and needs to be upheld.
We are
also in agreement with the view expressed by the Division Bench that the
issuance of G.O. Ms. No. 38 dated 16.1.2001 (Annex. P-4) despite the judgment
of the Single Judge and the pendency of the writ appeals filed by the State
Government and the HUDA before the High Court was contumacious on the part of
the State Government. We think that the Division Bench took a somewhat gracious
view of the matter in not inflicting punishment for contempt of Court, but
rested content with quashing the offending G.O. Ms. No.38 dated 16.1.2001
(Annex P-4). In our view, the appellants appear to have been lightly let off.
There is no scope for interference on this count.
In the
result, we uphold the judgment of the High Court under appeal and dismiss the
appeals. No costs.
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