Sescerrevtiacreys,
Mui.Npo.R & Irorrisg. Ation & Rural Engg. Vs. Sahngoo Ram Arya & Anr
[2002] Insc 263 (7 May
2002)
N. Santosh
Hegde & Shivaraj V. Patil Santosh Hegde, J.
(With
CA Nos. 3352-3357/2002 @ SLP Nos.5097-5102/2001 & SLP Nos.16496-97 of 2001)
SLP
Nos.6126-27/2001 :
Leave
granted.
These
two appeals arise out of an order made by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad dated 16.3.2001 in Civil Misc. W.P.
Nos.24759 and 28512 of 1999. The original writ petitioner had filed a number of
writ petitions challenging the various actions taken by the Department against
him. In the said writ petitions he had made very serious allegations against
Sri Markandey Chand who was then the Minister for Minor Irrigation and Rural
Engineering Services in the Government of U.P. It is seen from the record that
the said Minister had filed a counter affidavit denying the allegations levelled
against him.
In the
said writ petitions, originally the High Court had passed certain interim
orders staying the action initiated by the Department against which the
Department had filed SLPs before this Court which challenge was allowed and
this Court as per its order dated 3.4.2000 while directing the parties to
maintain status quo as on the date of the said order, requested the High Court
to hear and dispose of all the writ petitions within a period of 6 months from
that date. After the said order of this Court, the High Court by its impugned
order held that it was necessary to inquire into the allegations made against
the said Minister. It directed the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) at Delhi to hold an inquiry into the
allegations made against the said Minister (respondent No.2) as early as
possible, preferably within 4 months from the date of the production of the
certified copy of the impugned order.
It is
this order that is challenged in these appeals. Mr. Mukul Rohtagi, learned
Additional Solicitor General, contended before us that the High Court could not
have directed an inquiry by the CBI against the Minister concerned without
coming to a conclusion that there was a prima facie case to hold such an
inquiry which conclusion according to him ought to be based on the material on
record which obviously means the allegations made in the writ petition as also
the denial of the Minister concerned should also be taken into consideration.
In support of his argument, he has placed strong reliance on the judgment of
this Court in Common Cause, a Registered Society v. Union of India & Ors. [1999
(6) SCC 667]. Mr. G L Sanghi, learned senior counsel appearing for the
concerned Minister, has supported the above argument and has contended that
there is not even an iota of truth in the allegations made against the Minister,
hence, the High Court could not have directed an inquiry.
Per
contra, Mr. P.N. Misra, learned senior counsel appearing for the writ
petitioner, pointed out that the allegations against the Minister are very
serious and the same pertained to many incidents and similar allegations have
been made against the Minister by a large number of aggrieved Government
servants before the High Court in their respective writ petitions.
He
said that there was sufficient material to come to the conclusion that the
allegations made against the Minister are genuine, thus, he supported the impugned
order of the High Court.
While
none can dispute the power of the High Court under Article 226 to direct an
inquiry by the CBI, the said power can be exercised only in cases where there
is sufficient material to come to a prima facie conclusion that there is a need
for such inquiry. It is not sufficient to have such material in the pleadings.
On the contrary, there is a need for the High Court on consideration of such
pleadings to come to the conclusion that the material before it is sufficient
to direct such an inquiry by the CBI. This is a requirement which is clearly
deducible from the judgment of this Court in the case of Common Cause (supra).
This Court in the said judgment at paragraph 174 of the report has held thus :
"The
other direction, namely, the direction to CBI to investigate "any other
offence" is wholly erroneous and cannot be sustained.
Obviously,
direction for investigation can be given only if an offence is, prima facie,
found to have been committed or a person's involvement is prima facie
established, but a direction to CBI to investigate whether any person has
committed an offence or not cannot be legally given. Such a direction would be
contrary to the concept and philosophy of "LIFE" and "LIBERTY" guaranteed to a person under
Article 21 of the Constitution. This direction is in complete negation of
various decisions of this Court in which the concept of "LIFE" has
been explained in a manner which has infused "LIFE" into the letters
of Article 21." It is seen from the above decision of this Court that the
right to life under Article 21 includes the right of a person to live without
being hounded by the Police or the CBI to find out whether he has committed any
offence or is living as a law- abiding citizen. Therefore, it is clear that a
decision to direct an inquiry by the CBI against a person can only be done if
the High Court after considering the material on record comes to a conclusion
that such material does disclose a prima facie case calling for an
investigation by the CBI or any other similar agency, and the same cannot be
done as a matter of routine or merely because a party makes some such
allegations. In the instant case, we see that the High Court without coming to
a definite conclusion that there is a prima facie case established to direct an
inquiry has proceeded on the basis of 'ifs' and 'buts' and thought it
appropriate that the inquiry should be made by the CBI. With respect, we think
that this is not what is required by the law as laid down by this Court in the
case of Common Cause (supra).
Just
to point out that there is no prima facie finding by the High Court, while
directing an inquiry by the impugned order, we would like to extract the
following few sentences :
At
page 8 of the impugned judgment, it is stated : "It is also alleged that
the petitioner is being harassed owing to the reason that he was not amenable
to the illegal demands made by the Minister concerned." The High Court
further observed :
"We
however, forbear from excoriating the Minister on the basis of what has been
said in the said News Magazine at this stage." Proceeding further, the
Court observed : "If the allegations in the writ petitions are correct,
the rights of the respondents must be vindicated and the party at whose
instance such orders have been issued in bad faith, his continuance in the
office is not in public interest." At page 9 of the judgment, the learned
Judges observed : "If the allegations made in these and various other writ
petitions are found to have any ring of truth, no sane person can claim that
the affairs of the State are being run in accord with the Constitution."
From the above, we see that the High Court has merely quoted certain
allegations made against the Minister. It has not taken into consideration the
reply given by the Minister. While directing an inquiry by the CBI, the High
Court, as stated in the judgment of this Court in the case of Common Cause
(supra), must record a prima facie finding as to the truth of such allegations
with reference to the reply filed. In the instant case, we have noticed that
the High Court has merely proceeded on the basis of the averments made in the
petitions without taking into consideration the reply filed and without
expressing its prima facie opinion in regard to these allegations. This having
been not done, we find it necessary that the judgment impugned should be set
aside and the matters be remanded to the High Court to consider the pleadings
of the parties and decide whether the material on record is sufficient to
direct the inquiry by the CBI. While doing so, it will take into consideration
not only the allegations made in the writ petitions but also the reply given by
the Minister. After such an exercise if the Court still thinks that the
allegations require a further investigation by the CBI then it may do so after
recording a prima facie finding which, of course, will be for the limited
purpose of directing an inquiry.
We
make it clear that we have not expressed any opinion in regard to the merits of
the allegations or the reply thereto because this is something which has to be
done by the High Court in the first instance.
The
appeals are allowed and the impugned judgment is set aside. The matters are
remanded to the High Court.
SLP
Nos.5097-5102/2001 :
Leave
granted.
These
appeals are preferred against the order made by the High Court of Judicature at
Allahabad in Civil Misc. W.P. No.47130 of
2000 etc. on 1.2.2001. A Division Bench of the High Court of Allahabad by the
impugned judgment has held that the petitioner in the said writ petitions has
an alternate remedy by way of petitions before the U.P. Public Service Tribunal
(the tribunal), and had permitted the writ petitioner therein to approach the
tribunal and directed the tribunal to entertain any such petition to be filed
by the writ petitioner without raising any objection as to limitation. There
was a further direction to the tribunal to decide the matter expeditiously.
Mr.
Sunil Gupta, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner, contended that the
remedy before the tribunal under the U.P. Public Service Tribunal Act is wholly
illusory inasmuch as the tribunal has no power to grant an interim order.
Therefore,
he contends that the High Court ought not to have relegated the petitioner to a
fresh proceeding before the said tribunal. We do not agree with these arguments
of the learned counsel. When the statute has provided for the constitution of a
tribunal for adjudicating the disputes of a Government servant, the fact that
the tribunal has no authority to grant an interim order is no ground to by-pass
the said tribunal. In an appropriate case after entertaining the petitions by
an aggrieved party if the tribunal declines an interim order on the ground that
it has no such power then it is possible that such aggrieved party can seek
remedy under Article 226 of the Constitution but that is no ground to by-pass
the said tribunal in the first instance itself. Having perused the impugned
order, we find no infirmity whatsoever in the said order and the High Court was
justified in directing the petitioner to approach the tribunal. In the said
view of the matter, the appeals are dismissed. No costs.
SLP
Nos.16496-97/2001 :
In
view of our judgment in C.A. Nos. 3358-59/2002 @ SLP Nos.6126-27
of 2001, no further orders are necessary in these petitions. They are disposed
of accordingly.
.J.
(N. Santosh
Hegde) ..J.
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