Nawal Kishore
Tulara Vs. Dinesh Chand Gupta & Ors [2001] Insc 340 (25 July 2001)
S.P.
Bharucha, Y.K. Sabharwal & Brijesh Kumar Brijesh Kumar, J.
Leave
granted.
Heard
learned counsel for the parties.
The
facts necessary for disposal of this appeal briefly are that one Ram Sahay
filed Civil Suit No. 31/93 in the Court of Civil Judge (A.B.) Gangapur City
(SM), praying for relief of declaration of ownership of Shop No.141 in Bazar Katla
and also for possession over the said shop. The plaintiff died during the pendency
of the proceedings and is being represented through his legal representatives
as respondents in this appeal. The present appellant viz. Nawal Kishore,
defendant in the suit, resisted the claim of the plaintiff and pleaded that the
plaintiff Ram Sahay had entered into an agreement, with the defendant, to sell
Shop No.141 situate at Bazar Katla for a sum of Rs.7,100/- out of which a sum
of Rs.1,100/- had been paid and the balance amount was to be paid at the time
of registration of the sale deed. The said agreement dated 17/19.8.1985 is in
writing on a stamp of Rs.5/-. During the course of the examination-in-chief of
the defendant (present appellant), the plaintiff objected to exhibit the
document dated 17/19.8.1985, purported to be an agreement to sell, on the
ground, that the document was unregistered and insufficiently stamped. The
objection has been upheld by the trial court, by its order dated 31.10.2000
holding that the document was not admissible in evidence for any purpose.
The
appellant preferred a civil revision in the High Court, against the aforesaid
order of the trial court. It appears that a plea was raised on behalf of the
petitioner-revisionist that the document in question was executed in the year
1985, whereas the amendment in the Indian Registration Act for compulsory
registration of agreements to sell, in the State of Rajasthan, came into force in the year 1989.
The
other plea raised is that an insufficiently stamped document can very well be
impounded under the provisions of the Stamp Act.
The
revision was however rejected by the High Court observing as follows:
Even
though the reasons given by the trial court for not exhibiting the document
cannot be sustained but the perusal of the document..
The
High Court thereafter goes on to consider the document on its merit leaving
aside the question of its admissibility any more and observed that signatures
of Ram Sahay are not admitted by the other side nor the document bears the
acceptance of the proposer therefore the contract could not be said to be a
valid agreement under the relevant provisions of the Contract Act. Finally it
is observed in such circumstances document is not an agreement, as is being
argued, now, in the eyes of law. No injustice has been done to the petitioner
by not admitting the said document A perusal of the order passed by the High
Court and the discussion held clearly shows that the court had completely mis-
directed itself in embarking upon an enquiry into the validity of the document
and ultimately, in holding that the document, sought to be exhibited by the
defendant could not be held to be a valid agreement under the relevant
provisions of the Contract Act. As a matter of fact, the question for
consideration before the revisional court was confined to the admissibility of
the document on the grounds raised by the plaintiff. The revisional court,
after holding that the reasons given by the trial court, for not exhibiting the
document, could not be sustained, exceeded its jurisdiction in entering into
the question of validity of the document on merits in the light of the
provisions of the Contract Act.
The
order of the High Court virtually decided the suit. It is beyond the scope of
the revision petition and suffers from patent illegality on the face of it
causing prejudice to the case of the defendant.
In
view of the discussion held above, the impugned order passed by the High Court
is set aside and the case is remanded to the High Court for its decision
afresh, in accordance with law.
We are
informed that the trial court has now decided the suit and a first appeal is
pending. The order of the trial court on the suit and further proceedings
thereafter at any stage and orders passed thereon shall be subject to the
orders on the revision petition by the High Court.
Costs
easy.
------------------------J.
(S.P. Bharucha)
-----------------------J.
(Y.K. Sabharwal)
-----------------------J.
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