U.P. State Electricity Board Vs. M/S Searsole Chemicals Limited [2001]
Insc 95 (21 February
2001)
S. Rajendra
Babu & S.N. Phukan. Rajendra Babu, J. :
J U D
G M E N T
L.T.J
An
agreement was entered into between the appellant and the respondent for supply
of electrical energy and by virtue of clause 1 of the agreement, the supply of
electrical energy shall be in form of a three-phase alternating current at a
pressure of approximately 400 Volts between phases, a frequency of
approximately 80 cycles per second and a power not exceeding 744.12 KVA and the
supply shall be available continuously during the 24 hours of each day and
throughout the whole period of this agreement, provided always that the supplier
shall not be responsible for damages or otherwise on account of accidental
interruption of supply or stoppage or deficiency of energy caused by any order
or direction issued by the Government of Uttar Pradesh or resulting from fire,
flood, tempest or any accident or from any strike or lock out of workman or
from any other cause beyond the control of the supplier, but the supplier shall
make every effort to restore the supply as soon as possible. On the ground that
disputes arose between the appellant and the respondent, the matter was
referred to the arbitration as provided in the agreement. The respondent in the
claim statement made various claims for refund of the amounts paid under
various bills and for various losses suffered on account of various acts of
commission and omission of the appellant, details of which are set out therein.
By their written statement the appellant refuted the various claims of the
respondent.
On
April 6, 1990 the arbitrators made an award for a sum of Rs. 1,74,338.98 by way
of refund, while in regard to losses suffered on account of interruption in the
power supply as a result of the negligence and acts of omission and commission
by the appellant a sum of Rs. 24,00,000 was awarded with interest at 12% with
effect from 12.11.1986 up to the date of the award and interest @ 6% per annum
from the date of the award till the date of payment. In the Court of the Civil
Judge the award was filed. Over-ruling the objections of the appellant, the
Civil Judge made a decree in terms of the award against which an appeal was
preferred to the High Court and which appeal having been dismissed, this appeal
by special leave is filed.
Shri Ranjit
Kumar, the learned Senior Advocate appearing for the appellant, submitted that
the award made by the arbitrators is not within the scope of the agreement
entered into between the parties inasmuch as the claim for damages would arise
except in the circumstances arising in the proviso to clause 1 of the terms of
agreement, to which we have adverted to at the very outset. Damages would not
arise on account of interruptions, stoppage and deficiency caused by
(i) accident,
or
(ii)
by any order or direction issued by the Government of Uttar Pradesh, or
(iii)
resulting from fire, flood, tempest or any accident or from any strike or lock
out of workman or from any other cause beyond the control of the supplier.
Thus
the principal contention addressed before us is that there is a guarantee of
supply of electricity for 24 hours of a day but under the circumstances set out
in the proviso supply could be interrupted without liability of paying damages
and this aspect was not considered by the arbitrators. When this point was
raised before the High Court, the High Court noticed the finding of the
arbitrators that all log books were not made available and even where they were
made available by the appellant were not complete and even did not give any
reasons and, where they contained reasons, the same were not tenable. While
recording findings in respect of issues Nos. 1 and 2 after assessing the
evidence, the arbitrators came to this conclusion. Before us the extracts of
the logbooks have been produced and the reasons noted therein, for instance,
are Tripping, Shut down, Grid failure, Break down. The respondent wrote to the
appellant seeking for clarification regarding the interruption in the power
supply and there was no response to such correspondence at all. Taking this
circumstance into consideration and after going through the documents produced
by the parties, it was noticed by the arbitrators as follows :- The opposite
party failed to produce log books for the period 6.12.1978 to 3.12.1980 and
also admitted vide their letter dated 4.7.1987 that these log books were not
traceable. In these circumstances we are of the opinion that had the opposite
party filed the said log books it would have gone against them. The opposite
party has not filed the best evidence available. Besides, the log books which
the opposite party produced, did not give any reasons or where reasons were
given, they were untenable.
Shri Ranjit
Kumar very strenuously contended that the relevant documents have been placed
before the arbitrators and stated that except in regard to one station for some
period, rest of the documents of the log books had been made available.
However, as noticed by us, there were reasons set out in the log books or, as
noticed earlier, those reasons, in the opinion of the arbitrators, were either
not relevant or where they were relevant, they were untenable.
Therefore,
the view taken by the arbitrators cannot be characterised as not emanating from
the agreement and falls squarely within the excepted part of the proviso to
clause 1 of the agreement. When the arbitrators have applied their mind to the
pleadings, the evidence adduced before them and the terms of the contract, we
do not think, it is within our scope to re-appraise the matter as if this were
an appeal, and it is clear that where two views are possible in this case there
is no such scope the view taken by the arbitrators would prevail.
Shri Ranjit
Kumar further pointed out that the interruptions in the power supply, if any,
were on account of the Uttar Pradesh Electricity (Regulation of Supply
Distribution, Consumption and Use) Order issued from time to time and, therefore,
if there is any power cut effect at any time or staggering of the power supply,
it was the result of such order which falls within the scope of the proviso to
clause 1 of the agreement. Clause 6 of the Order, which regulated the supply,
reads as follows :-
6. (i)
In respect of electrical energy consumer by all large and heavy power
industrial consumers receiving power at 33 KV and above from Uttar Pradesh
State Electricity Board, a cut of 33-1/3 per cent in their highest maximum
demand recorded in any month during the twelve months from August, 1978 to
July, 1979 shall be exercised :
Provided
that where any such industrial consumer has his own source of generation of
energy which alone enables him to obtain 66-2/3 per cent or more of his
aforesaid highest maximum demand then a cut of 100 per cent in the power
supplied by the Board shall be exercised.
(ii)
All Arc Furnaces, Induction Furnaces, Rolling and Re-Rolling mills receiving
power below 33 KV from U.P. State
Electricity Board shall use energy for 10 hours only every day during such
hours as may be specified by the Board from time to time anything contained in
Clause 8(a) notwithstanding.
(iii)
All other continuous process industrial power consumers (listed in Annexure 2)
as well as Textile Mills and non-continuous industrial power consumers having
loads above 110 BHP/100KVA/75 KW billed on large and heavy power tariffs
receiving power from the U.P. State Electricity Board shall exercise 33.1/3 per
cent cut in their highest maximum demand recorded in any month during the
twelve months from August, 1978 to July, 1979:
Provided
that any such consumer or Mill may for reasons of technical difficulty instead
of observing the aforesaid cut avail supply for such 20 days in a month as may
be determined with the approval of the Executive Engineer concerned and may
observe block closure during the remaining days of the month so, however, that
consumption up to 5 per cent of such highest maximum demand shall be allowed
during the block closure to meet the requirements of light, fan, tube-well and
repair workshops." The log books should have indicated or other materials
should have been placed before the arbitrators to indicate that the heavy power
tariffs received from the U.P. State Electricity Board should exercise 33.1/3
per cent cut in the highest maximum demand recorded in any month during the 12
months from August 1978 to July 1979 and the manner in which the same should be
regulated. Whether that amount of electricity was supplied to the respondent or
not is also not clear from the records. In the absence of such material placed
before the arbitrators, we cannot embark upon an investigation on the basis of
this order of the U.P. Government.
Therefore,
we think, the High Court is justified in having dismissed the appeal filed by
the appellant, and we do not think that there is any justification for us to
interfere with the award which was made the decree of the civil court and in
appeal affirmed by the High Court.
The
appeal, therefore, stands dismissed. However, in the circumstances of the case,
the parties shall bear their respective costs.
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