Union of India & Ors Vs. K.
Rajappa Menon [1968] INSC 240 (7 October 1968)
07/10/1968 GROVER, A.N.
GROVER, A.N.
SHAH, J.C.
MITTER, G.K.
HEGDE, K.S.
CITATION: 1970 AIR 748 1969 SCR (2) 343
CITATOR INFO:
RF 1980 SC1650 (3,8)
ACT:
Conduct and Disciplinary Rules, r.
1713--Disciplinary authority whether required to give detailed reasons for
confirming finding established at departmental enquiry.
Constitution of India, Art. 311 (2)--Second
show cause notice--If authority can make up mind tentatively before receipt of
explanation.
HEADNOTE:
After the reply of the respondent--a railway
employee--in respect of certain charges preferred against him was received, a
departmental enquiry was held. The Enquiring Officer found all the charges
proved. A show cause notice, was then served stating that it had been
tentatively decided by the Chief Commercial Superintendent that the respondent
should be dismissed from service. This notice was served after the' Chief
Commercial Superintendent had recorded an order stating that he had seen the
enquiry proceedings, that the procedure had been correctly followed, and that
he agreed with the findings of the Enquiring Officer. The respondent submitted
his explanation;
thereafter his dismissal was ordered. The
respondent filed a writ petition in the High Court. The single Judge allowed
the petition holding that the Chief Commercial Superintendent was bound to>
pass a detailed order expressing his views about each of the charges and that a
general agreement with the findings of the Enquiry Officer did not satisfy the
requirements of r. 1713 of the Conduct and Disciplinary Rules. This decision
was affirmed by the Division Bench. In 'appeal, this Court, HELD: The: appeal
must be allowed.
(i) Rule 1713 does not lay down any particular
form or manner in which the disciplinary authority should record its findings
on each charge. All that the Rule requires is that the record of the enquiry
should be considered 'and disciplinary authority should proceed' to give its
findings on each charges. This does not and cannot mean that it is obligatory
on the disciplinary authority to discuss the evidence and the facts and
circumstances established at the departmental enquiry in detail and write as if
it were an order or a judgment of a judicial tribunal. The rule certainly
requires the disciplinary authority to give consideration to the record of the
proceedings which was done by the Chief Commercial Superintendent. When he
agreed with, the findings of the Enquiry Officer that all the charges mentioned
in the charge sheet had been established it meant that he was affirming the
findings on each charge and that would' certainly fulfill the requirement of
the Rule. [345 H--346 D] (ii) There was no force in the respondent's contention
that the disciplinary authority was not entitled to have finally made up its
mind before the explanation to the second show cause notice had been received
by it and at a stage prior to the issuance of the notice. The procedure which
is. to be followed under Art. 311(2) of the Constitution of 'affording a
reasonable opportunity includes the. giving of two notices, One at the enquiry
stage and the other when the competent authority as a result of the enquiry
tentatively determines to inflict a particular punishment.
344 It is quite obvious that unless the
disciplinary or the competent 'authority arrives at some tentative decision it
will not be in a position to determine what particular punishment to inflict
and a second show cause notice cannot be issued without such a tentative
determination. [346 E] Khem Chand v. Union of India & Ors., [1958] S.C.R.
1080, followed.
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal
No. 1064 of 1966.
Appeal by special leave from the judgment and
order, dated August 4, 1965 of the Kerala High Court in Writ Appeal No. 205 of
1964.
B. Sen and S.P. Nayar, for appellant No. 1.
A.S. Nambiar and Lily Thomas, for the
respondent.
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
Grover, J. This is an appeal by special leave from the judgment of the Kerala High
Court in which the only point which arises for decision is whether Rule 1713 of
the Conduct and Disciplinary Rules hereinafter called the Rules, for railway
servants was correctly applied and the dismissal of the respondent, who at the
material time, was an Assistant Station Master was rightly set aside for non-
compliance with that Rule.
The facts lie within a narrow compass. In
July 1963 the respondent, who was working as an Assistant Station Master at
Chalakudy railway station was served with a statement containing charges
relating to certain matters after an inspection report had been submitted to
the authorities concerned. After the reply of the respondent had been received
a departmental enquiry was held and the Enquiring Officer submitted a report
finding all the four charges which. had been preferred against the respondent
proved. A show cause notice was then served in September 1963 giving the
findings of the Enquiring Officer (Assistant Commercial Superintendent ) and it
was stated that it had been tentatively decided by the Chief Commercial
Superintendent that the respondent should be dismissed from service. This
notice was served after the Chief Commercial Superintendent had recorded the
following order (Exh. R. 8 ):
"The employee, in his reply dated 3-8-
1963 to this charge sheet, has not accepted the charges contained in the same.
An enquiry, therefore was arranged. It was held by the Assistant Commercial
Superintendent Olavakkot from 22-8-63 to 29-8-1963. I have seen the enquiry
proceedings. I find that the procedure has been followed correctly;
that the accused has been given every
reasonable opportunity for his defence and I agree with the findings of the
Enquiry Officer 345 that all the charges mentioned in the charge- sheet have
been established. Since these are serious charges, it is tentatively decided to
impose the penalty of dismissal from service on Shri K. Rajappa Menon,
Assistant Station Master/Chalakudi. He should, therefore, be asked to show
cause why he should not be dismissed from service accordingly." He was
given a week for showing cause why the proposed penalty should not be inflicted
on him. After the explanation of the respondent had been received his dismissal
was ordered by the Chief Commercial Superintendent.
The respondent filed a petition under Art.
226 of the Constitution in the High Court and a number of points were raised
before the learned Single Judge. The only point which prevailed with him Was
that the Chief.Commercial Superintendent had not recorded an order as required
by Rule 1713. He examined the other contention raised on behalf of the
respondent before him that at the stage of the second show cause notice the
Chief Commercial Superintendent had finally made up his mind which he could not
or ought not to have done until the reply or the explanation of the respondent
had been received and considered by him. In view of a bench decision of the
Kerala High Court he did not rest his decision on the second point but decided
in favour of the respondent on the first point holding that the Chief
Commercial Superintendent had not given findings on each of the charges. In his
opinion the rule contemplated that the evidence which had been adduced at the
enquiry in relation to each charges should be examined and considered by the
punishing authority and he should give his own assessment and finding relating
to each. individual charge which was not done in the present case. The division
:Bench on appeal by the present appellant affirmed the judgment of the learned
Single Judge.
Now Rule 1713 provides that if the
disciplinary authority is not the Enquiring Authority-it shall consider the
record of the enquiry and. record its findings on each charge. The argument
which prevailed with the High Court was that the order embodied in Exh. 8 did
not comply with the aforesaid rule because findings relating to each charge
were not given after a proper discussion .and analysis of .the: evidence
produced at the departmental enquiry. In other words, the Chief Commercial
Superintendent .was bound.
to pass a detailed order expressing his views
about each charge and that a general agreement with the findings of the Enquiry
Officer did not satisfy the requirements of Rule 1713.
We are altogether unable to agree with the
view expressed by the High Court. Rule 1713 does not lay down any particular
sup. cI/69--5 346 form or manner in which the disciplinary authority should
record its findings on each charge. All that the Rule requires is that the
record of the enquiry should be considered and the disciplinary authority
should proceed to give its findings on each charge. This does not and cannot
mean that it is obligatory on the disciplinary authority to discuss the
evidence and the facts and circumstances established at the departmental enquiry
in detail and write as if it were an order or a judgment of a judicial
tribunal.
The rule certainly requires the disciplinary
authority to give consideration to the record of the proceedings which, as
expressly stated in Exh. R. 8, was done by the Chief Commercial Superintendent.
When he agreed with the findings of the Enquiry that all the charges mentioned
in the charge sheet had been established it meant that he was affirming the
findings on each charge and that would certainly fulfill the requirement of the
Rule. The Rule after all has to be read not in a pedantic manner but in a
practical and reasonable way and so read it is difficult escape from the
conclusion that the Chief Commercial Superintendent had substantially complied
with the requirements of the Rule.
The interference by the High Court,
therefore, on the ground that there had been non-compliance with Rule 17 13 was
not justified.
Learned counsel for the respondent has sought
to raise the second point which the High Court had declined to decide, namely,
that the disciplinary authority was not entitled to have finally made up its
mind before the explanation to the second show cause notice had been received
by it and at a stage prior to the issuance of the notice. Such a contention is
wholly untenable in view of the decisions of this Court. It has been made quite
clear in Khem Chand v. The Union of India & Ors.(1) that the procedure Art.
311 (2) of the Constitution of affording a reasonable opportunity includes the
giving of two notices, one at the enquiry stage and the other when the
competent authority as a result of the enquiry tentatively determines to
inflict a particular punishment. It is quite obvious that unless the
disciplinary or the competent authority arrives at some tentative decision it
will not be in a position to determine what particular punishment to inflict
and a Second show cause notice cannot be issued without such a tentative
determination.
The appeal is consequently allowed and the
judgment of the High Court is hereby set aside. The petition filed by the
respondent under Art. 226 shall stand dismissed. No order as to costs.
Y.P. Appeal allowed.
(1) [1958] S.C.R. 1080.
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