Factories Act, 1948

[Act No. 63 of Year 1948 dated 23rd. September, 1948]

Contents
Sections	Particulars
Chapter I	Preliminary
1	Short title, extent and commencement
2	Interpretation
3	References to time of day
4	Power to declare different departments to be separate factories or two or more factories to be a single factory
5	Power to exempt during public emergency
6	Approval, licensing and registration of factories
7	Notice by occupier
Chapter II	The Inspecting Staff
7A	General duties of the occupier
7B	General duties of manufacturers, etc., as regards articles and substances for use in factories
Chapter II	The Inspecting Staff
8	Inspectors
9	Powers of Inspectors
10	Certifying surgeons
Chapter III	Health
11	Cleanliness
12	Disposal of wastes and effluents
13	Ventilation and temperature
14	Dust and fume
15	Artificial humidification
16	Overcrowding
17	Lighting
18	Drinking water
19	Latrines and urinals
20	Spittoons
Chapter IV	Safety
21	Fencing of machinery
22	Work on or near machinery in motion
23	Employment of young persons on dangerous machines
24	Striking gear and devices for cutting off power
25	Self-acting machines
26	Casing of new machinery
27	Prohibition of employment of women and children near cotton-openers
28	Hoists and lifts
29	Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles
30	Revolving machinery
31	Pressure plant
32	Floors, stairs and means of access
33	Pits, sumps, opening in floors, etc.
34	Excessive weights
35	Protection of eyes
36	Precautions against dangerous fumes, gases, etc.
36A	Precautions regarding the use of portable electric light
37	Explosive or inflammable dust, gas, etc.
38	Precautions in case of fire
39	Power to require specifications of defective parts or tests of stability
40	Safety of building and machinery
40A	Maintenance of buildings
40B	Safety officers
41	Power to make rules to supplement this Chapter
Chapter IV-A	Provisions Relating To Hazardous Processes
41A	Constitution of Site Appraisal Committees
41B	Compulsory disclosure of information by the occupier
41C	Specific responsibility of the occupier in relation to hazardous processes
41D	Power of Central Government to appoint Inquiry Committee
41E	Emergency standards
41F	Permissible limits of exposure of chemical and toxic substances
41G	Workers' participation in safety management
41H	Right of workers to warn about imminent danger
Chapter V	Welfare
42	Washing facilities
43	Facilities for storing and drying clothing
44	Facilities for sitting
45	First-aid appliances
46	Canteens
47	Shelters, rest rooms and lunch rooms
48	Creches
49	Welfare officers
50	Power to make rules to supplement this Chapter
Chapter VI	Working Hours Of Adults
51	Weekly hours
52	Weekly holidays
53	Compensatory holidays
54	Daily hours
55	Intervals for rest
56	Spreadover
57	Night shifts
58	Prohibition of overlapping shifts
59	Extra wages for overtime
60	Restriction on double employment
61	Notice of periods of work for adults
62	Register of adult workers
63	Hours of work to correspond with notice under section 61 and register under section 62
64	Power to make exempting rules
65	Power to make exempting orders
66	Further restrictions on employment of women
Chapter VII	Employment Of Young Persons
67	Prohibition of employment of young children
68	Non-adult workers to carry tokens
69	Certificates of fitness
70	Effect of certificate of fitness granted to adolescent
71	Working hours for children
72	Notice of period of work for children
73	Register of child workers
74	Hours of work to correspond with notice under section 72 and register under section 73
75	Power to require medical examination
76	Power to make rules
77	Certain other provisions of law not barred
Chapter VIII	Annual Leave With Wages
78	Application of Chapter
79	Annual leave with wages
80	Wages during leave period
81	Payment in advance in certain cases
82	Mode of recovery of unpaid wages
83	Power to make rules
84	Power to exempt factories
Chapter IX	Special Provisions
85	Power to apply the Act to certain premises
86	Power to exempt public institutions Power to apply the Act to certain premises
87	Dangerous operations
87A	Power to prohibit employment on account of serious hazard
88	Notice of certain accidents
88A	Notice of certain dangerous occurrences
89	Notice of certain diseases
90	Power to direct enquiry into cases of accident or disease Notice of certain diseases
91	Power to take samples
91A	Safety and occupational health surveys
Chapter X	Penalties And Procedure
92	General penalty for offences
93	Liability of owner of premises in certain circumstances
94	Enhanced penalty after previous conviction
95	Penalty for obstructing Inspector
96	Penalty for wrongfully disclosing results of analysis under section 91
96A	Penalty for contravention of the provisions of sections 41B, 41C and 41H
97	Offences by workers
98	Penalty for using false certificate of fitness
99	Penalty for permitting double employment of child
101	Exemption of occupier or manager from liability in certain cases
102	Power of Court to make orders
103	Presumption as to employment
104	Onus as to age
104A	Onus of providing limits of what is practicable, etc.
105	Cognizance of offences
106	Limitation of prosecutions
106A	Jurisdiction of a court for entertaining proceedings, etc., for offence
Chapter XI	Supplemental
107	Appeals
108	Display of notices
109	Service of notice
110	Returns
111	Obligations of workers
111A	Right of workers, etc.
112	General power to make rules
113	Powers of Centre to give direction
114	No charge for facilities and conveniences
115	Publication of rules
116	Application of Act to government factories
117	Protection to persons acting under this Act
118	Restriction on disclosure of information
118A	Restriction on disclosure of information
119	Act to have effect notwithstanding anything contained in Act 37 of 1970
120	Repeal and saving
	Schedule I
	Schedule II
	Schedule III

An Act to consolidate and amend the law regulating labor in factories.

WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law regulating labor in factories;

It is hereby enacted as follows:-