M.C. Ali
& ANR. V. State Of Kerala [2010] INSC 268 (13 April 2010)
Judgement
CRIMINAL
APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NOS. 499 OF 2002 M.C. ALI & ANR.
.......APPELLANT(S) VERSUS WITH CRIMINAL APPEAL NOs.434 of 2002 AND CRIMINAL
APPEAL NOs. 500-501 of 2002
SURINDER
SINGH NIJJAR, J.
1. These
three appeals have been filed against a common judgment of the High Court
whereby the six appellants in the three appeals have been convicted under
Sections 302, 307, 149 and 34 of the Indian Penal Code (for short `IPC' ); the
sentence to life imprisonment for offences under Section 302 read with Section
149 or 34 of the IPC; rigorous imprisonment for five years under Section 307
read with Section 149 or 34 of the IPC; rigorous imprisonment for six months
each under Sections 143 and 148 of the IPC.
2.
Initially 13 persons including the six appellants had been charge-sheeted in
Kumbla Police Station, Crime No.22/1994 for offences punishable under Sections
143, 148, 324, 307 and 302 of the IPC read with Section 149 of the IPC. Upon
trial, the six appellants had been convicted under Sections 143, 147, 148, 307
and 302 read with Section 149 of the IPC and sentenced to life imprisonment
together with various other periods of imprisonment under different sections.
The sentences were directed to run concurrently. Accused Nos. 7 to 13 were
found not guilty and acquitted of all the charges. The convicted accused filed
Criminal Appeal No.391/96 before the High Court of Kerala. At the same time,
the acquittal of accused Nos.7 to 13 was challenged through revision by K.
Hussain (PW2) the son of Moosa Haji, PW5 (the injured witness), through
Criminal Revision Petition No.1115/96. Through a common judgment, the High
Court was pleased to accept the appeal filed by the convicts and their
convictions as well as their sentences were set aside. The case was remanded to
the Trial Court for fresh disposal after complying with the provisions under
Section 233 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Criminal Revision Petition
No.1115/96 against acquittal of accused Nos.7 to 13 was dismissed.
3. On
remand, accused Nos.1 to 6 appeared before the Court on 9.1.1998. They were
given an opportunity to adduce defence 2 evidence. Consequently, they examined
DW1 to DW5 and marked Exbts. D7 to D10. At the time of the remand, the earlier
Sessions Judge who had convicted accused Nos.1 to 6 had been transferred,
therefore, the evidence was recorded by his successor in office. On a
reappraisal of the evidence led by the parties, the Sessions Judge came to the
conclusion that the prosecution had failed to prove the offences alleged
against the accused. They were, therefore, all acquitted.
4. These
acquittals were challenged by the Sate of Kerala in Criminal Appeal No.444/98
and by PW2, K. Hussain, in Criminal Revision No.552/98. The High Court, by a
common judgment, came to the conclusion that the prosecution had conclusively
proved the case against accused Nos. 1 to 6 and the findings recorded by the
Sessions Judge were perverse and manifestly erroneous. Therefore, the judgment
of the Trial Court was set aside. They have all been convicted for various
offences, as noticed above.
5.
Against the conviction and sentence, accused Nos.1 and 4, namely, K. M.
Iddinkunhi and Andan, have filed Criminal Appeal No.434/2002, accused Nos. 2
and 3, namely, M.C. Ali and Andunhi have filed Criminal Appeal No.499/2002 and
accused Nos.5 and 6, namely, B.K. Bayan Kunhi and K.B. Abbas have filed
Criminal Appeal Nos.500-501/2002.
6. We
have heard the learned counsel for the parties. Before we consider the
submissions made by the learned counsel, it would be appropriate at this stage
to notice the case as presented by the prosecution.
7. It is
claimed by the prosecution that Moosa Haji, (PW5), his family and some of his
close relatives are believers of Shemsia Thareequat sect in the Muslim
community. They are the worshippers of Sun and followers of Sai Baba. They are
not accepted by a large section of the Muslim community. Therefore, the local
Jumaath had unleashed "a sort of an overt and covert attack on PW5 and
other followers of Thareequat movement." This had created fights between
the two groups of the locality which caused friction in the relationships,
activities and life which ended up in a number of disputes including criminal
cases. The majority in the Muslim community of the area had ex-communicated PW5
and other followers of Thareequat movement. It is further alleged by the
prosecution that some of the religious scholars had even called upon the
members of the Muslim community to annihilate the followers of the Thareequat
movement on the belief that such actions would bring the reward from the
Almighty. Such type of social boycotting had put PW5 and other followers in a
situation of not even getting employees to work in the agricultural fields and
also for other work. This had compelled 4 them to bring the workers from other
areas. PW1, Chandrasekhara, was thus brought by PW5 from Ubradka, Mittur,
Karnataka State and deceased Faizal from Manjeri. Because of the threat of
other people of the Jumaath both PW1 and deceased Faizal were residing in the
house of PW5. PW1 Chandrasekhara belonged to Scheduled Caste.
8. On
30.1.1994, PW5 Moosa Haji and his son PW2 Hussain returned at about 8 p.m. to
their home. They came to know that the child of CW9, Mammunhi Haji, the brother
of PW5, had met with an accident and suffered some injuries. On receipt of this
information, PW5 asked PW2 to go to the house of CW9 and enquire about the
details. Because of the tension prevailing in the locality between the two
groups of Muslim community, PW5 asked PW1 and the deceased Faizal to accompany
PW2 to the house of CW9. Thus all the three proceeded to the house of CW9, at
about 9.15 p.m. There were two ways to reach the house of CW9 from the house of
PW5. Both were through the paddy fields, one on the higher level and the other
on the lower level. They had proceeded along the path way leading through the
higher level. When they reached the Thrikkandam paddy field of one Kunhamu
Haji, they proceeded westwards to reach the house of CW9. The paddy field was
free of paddy as the harvest was over.
They
walked through the bund of the fields. All three of them had torches in their
hands. While thus proceeding, they found a group of 5 about 15 persons standing
on the north-western end of the paddy field. While they were proceeding
westwards the group of 15 moved towards eastwards along the same bund. The
group also had torches in their hands and they had flashed the torches on PW5,
1, 2 and Faizal who also flashed back their torches. In this light PW1
identified A1 to A6 as he knew them by name. A7 to A13 were also present in the
group whom PW1 could identify, but did not know their names at that time. PW2
knew A1 to A13.
9. When
both the groups thus reached at the paddy field, the accused suddenly attacked
PWs 1, 2 and Faizal. A1 had MO1 weapon in his possession and A2 to A6 were in
possession of knives. A7 to A13 were in possession of sticks like MO2. A1 to
A4, with the weapons in their hands, inflicted cuts on the neck of Faizal. When
PW2 intervened, A1, A3, A5 and A6 attacked PW2 with weapons in their
possession. Because of the severity of the injury suffered by Faizal, he fell
down. A1 to A6 had again attacked Faizal who was lying down by inflicting cut
injuries on his body. The other accused had beaten Faizal and PW2 with sticks.
The accused were shouting to do away with PW2 and Faizal. To save his life,
PW1, i.e., Chandrasekhara jumped from the higher level of the ridge to the
lower level and took shelter in the house of CW9 Mammunhi Haji. PW2 Hussain,
who also suffered injuries, ran for his life and reached the 6 house of CW9. As
Faizal did not reach the house of CW 9 Mammunhi Haji, PW 1 along with a son of
CW 9 went to the scene of occurrence and saw that Faizal was lying dead in the
paddy field.
10. PW 5
Moosa Haji heard a lot of noise from the side of the paddy field. He sensed
something bad must have happened, as his son and employees had gone in that
direction. Therefore, becoming restless, he proceeded towards the direction
from where the noise originated. He ran towards the west of his house and as he
reached the path to the mosque on the north direction, he saw some persons
entering that pathway from the paddy field in the west. Some people had already
gone towards north. On reaching nearer, he identified accused 1 to 4, 7, 9 and
11 to 13. All of them possessed weapons like knife or sticks.
PW 5
Moosa Haji enquired as to what happened to which A 7 replied that they had
killed two persons. Suddenly A 13 gave a cut to PW 5 with a sharp edged
knife-like weapon. While warding off the same, PW 5, fearing further attack,
ran towards his house. He locked the door and remained inside. His attempts to
contact CW 9 Mammunhi Haji over the telephone were not successful.
11. PW7,
the then Sub-Inspector, Kumbla Police Station, received information at 9:50 pm
on 30.1.1994 over telephone that some incident had taken place at Ujar Ulwar
village resulting in the death of one person. The informant did not disclose
his identity. PW7 entered 7 this information in general diary (Ex. P9). He then
proceeded to the place of occurrence with whatever force he had in the police
station.
12. On
reaching the place of occurrence, after making inquiries near the local mosque,
he was able to trace out the house of PW5, who was inside the house. He (PW5)
narrated what had happened to the Sub-Inspector and took the police party along
the pathway to the house of his brother, CW9. At the house of CW9, they saw PW2
who had sustained injuries. At that time they learnt that Faizal had been
murdered. The Sub-Inspector (PW7) immediately made arrangements to take PW2 and
PW5 to the hospital in the police jeep.
13. First
Information Statement was taken from PW1 by PW7 in the house of CW9. Since
Police jeep was sent with PW2 and PW5 to the hospital, he sent a constable to
Kumbla Police Station. The Head Constable (PW8) on general diary charge (GD
charge) duty, registered the FIR at 00.30 hours on 31.1.1994. On that day
morning itself it was sent to the Magistrate and the Magistrate signed it on
the same day at 3.30 p.m. According to the prosecution, Circle Inspector,
Kumbla Police Station (PW9) who was at Kasargod on law and order duty in
connection with the meeting of the Muslim League, received wireless information
that two groups had clashed at Ujar Ulwar village. He, therefore, rushed to the
village with police party where he met PW7. Both of them made arrangement for
maintaining law and 8 order. They also posted guards at the scene of occurrence
during the night. The injured witnesses PW2 and PW5, who were traveling in the
police jeep, reached Bayikatta. From there they got into the car of their
relative as the jeep had to be returned to the Sub-Inspector PW7.
At that
stage, PW5 remembered that he had forgotten to take any money. They, therefore,
went to the house of one Mohan Kamath, a friend of PW5, who also accompanied
them to the City Hospital Research and Diagnostic Centre at Mangalore.
14. When
the first accused was questioned, he made a confessional statement to PW9 about
the place of concealment of MO1, weapon of offence. A1, after recording the
statement, took PW9 to the ditch with thick grass on the eastern side of the
paddy fields where the occurrence took place. He took out knife (MO1) from the
place where it had been concealed. This was duly sealed by PW9 under Ex.P8
seizure mahazar on 3.2.1994. The seizure mahazar is attested by PW6. The
accused were produced before the Magistrate Court and remanded in custody. The
MO1 was then forwarded for chemical examination. The report of the chemical
analysis Ex.P21 shows there was human blood on MO2 series, the sticks. There
was no blood on MO1, 6 and 9.
15. Dr.
S. Adhyanth PW3, the duty medical officer, examined PW2 and PW5. He issued the
wound certificate (P4) in respect of PW2 and 9 admitted him for treatment. He
was discharged on 7.2.1994. The same doctor also issued the wound certificate
(P5) on examination of PW5 who was treated as an outpatient. The doctor PW3
sent intimation Exbs.P6 and P13 to the police regarding the admission of PW2
and treatment of PW5. Further investigation was conducted by PW9 from 31.1.94.
He conducted the inquest on the dead body of Faizal. He also seized material
objects (MOs 2 to 9) and prepared Ex.P14 report. A knife (MO6) covered with
newspaper (MO9) was found kept at the back of waist of the deceased. During the
inquest PW9 got the photographs of the dead body and the scene of occurrence which
is marked at Ex.P2 (series). Ex.P2 (A) shows that MO6 was on the waist of the
deceased. The photos and the negatives were seized under Ex.P17 seizure
mahazar, when produced by the photographer. PW9 also drew up Ex.P.15 scene
mahazar. In Ex.P1, PW1 mentioned only the names of accused A1 to A6. But he
stated several more accused were there whose names were not given. But
according to him, he could identify them. After questioning PW2 and PW5, names
of other accused were included.
16. Dead
body of Faizal was sent for post mortem and PW3 received the post mortem
certificate (Ex.P3) from the then doctor of Community Health Centre, Kasargod.
The post mortem certificate was marked by consent of both sides under Section
294 of the 10 Criminal Procedure Code. In the First Information Statement
(Ex.P1), PW1 Chandrasekhara had stated the names of accused 1 to 6. He also
stated that there were 7 more accused whose names were not known to him but he
could identify them on sight. PW2, according to the prosecution, was under
general anesthesia for suturing of the wounds and, therefore, could not be
questioned immediately.
However,
he was questioned by PW9 on 3.2.1994 in the City Hospital.
Thereafter
PW9 filed report (array of accused) P.16 in Court on 3.2.1994 including the
names of accused 7 to 12. PW5 was questioned by the investigating officer, PW9.
On 4.2.1994 on the basis of his statement name of 13th accused was added.
Accused Nos.
1 and 3
to 6 surrendered before the investigating officer in his office on 3.2.1994.
They were duly arrested. Accused Nos.A8 to 12 were arrested between 29.4.1994
and 30.4.1994.
17. At
the same time, A2 to A7 also claim to have suffered some injuries on the night
of 30.1.1994. They went to Unity Health Complex at Mangalore on 31.1.1994,
where they were admitted and treated as in-patient. Exs. P23 and P24 are the
treatment particulars whereas Exbs.P25 and P26 are the case sheets respectively
of the accused. PW10 and DW1 had treated them during this period. They were
discharged on 23.3.1994 on which date PW9 arrested them.
A13 was
absconding but later appeared before the Magistrate Court.
18. While
at the Unity Health Complex, a statement was given by M.C. Ali (A2), which was
recorded by the Kadari Police Station as the First Information Statement
(Ex.P22). In this he claimed that on 30.1.1994, he and his neighbour Abdul
Rahiman were returning from Kasargod at 9.30 p.m. after attending a Muslim
League meeting.
When they
reached a place called Trikkandam through Kunjamu Haji's field at 10.15 p.m.,
they found Mammunhi Haji's son Hussain, his brother Abdul Khader, Moosa Haji,
his son Hussain, his brother- in-law Jamal Bayikkatta coming from the opposite
direction. The complainant also stated that these people had enmity with them
and thus they blocked them and told "we will not leave anybody".
Mammunhi
Haji's son and Jamal inflicted injuries on his left hand shoulder and armpit.
When Abdul Rahiman came to block, Moosa Haji and his son inflicted injuries on
his right hand and the wounds started bleeding. At that time complainant fell
down and he was beaten up on his right leg and left side of the head with a
stick and as a result of which he became unconscious. He has also stated in his
complaint that there was a case pending regarding the issue of a mosque between
him and the accused and thus the accused had caused injuries to them with
sword-like knife, sticks, etc. On the basis of the aforesaid statement, Crime
No. 67/94, transfer FIR (Ex.P11) for offences under Sections 143, 147, 148,
324, 341, 506 12 read with 149 IPC was registered. The same was later on
transferred to Kumbla Police Station, where PW8 registered it as Ex.P12 of
Kumbla Police Station. PW9 also conducted the investigation of FIR (Ex.P12). On
completion of the investigation charges were filed against five accused persons
including PW2 and PW5.
19. On
committal this case was numbered as SC No.66/95 against the 13 accused. The
case against 5 accused, registered on the basis of FIR Ex.P12, was numbered as
SC 111/95. The trial of both the cases was taken up simultaneously one after
the other and judgment in both the sessions cases was pronounced on the same
day. We have noticed above that after trial accused 1 to 6 were convicted in SC
No.66/95.
20. On
remand, the accused had examined DWs 1 to 5. The Trial Court takes note of the
post mortem report of the dead body. It was marked as Ex.P3 by consent of both
the sides. The report indicates the following external and internal injuries:
"Entire
body of an adult male lying supine.
Rigor
mortis present in both upper & Lower limbs. Bleeding from both nostrils
present.
External
injuries:- Incised wound on the face transversely placed extending from the
center of upper lip to Lt. Cheek 14 x 3 x 3 c.m. exposing the oral cavity
cutting the full thickness of facial muscles. 2) Incised wound on the Lt. Cheek
below the Lt. Eye transversely placed 6 x 1 c.m.
skin
deep. 3) Incised wound on the lower part of chin transversely placed 10 x 6
c.m. flap of skin 13 & subcutaneous tissue raised exposing the lower part
of mandible. 4) Incised wound on the Right side of neck transversely placed 12
x 5 x 6 c.m.
cutting
the muscles of neck on Right side with carotid artery and jugular veins and
trachea being cut.
Incised
wound on the inner aspect of left ankle region transversely placed 6 x 1 x1
c.m. cutting the lower end of tibia. 6) Incised wound 1 c.m.
above
injury No.5 transversely placed 4 x 1 c.m.
skin
deep. 7) Incised wound on the front of right leg transversely placed 5 x2 c.m.
cutting the tibia which is fractured. 8) Incised wound on the front or right
leg 6 c.m. above injury No.7, 4 x 5 c.m. skin deep. 9) Incised wound on the
dorsum of right second toe 5 x 0.5 x 1 c.m. along the long axis of the toe
cutting the tendons and bone. 10) Linear abrasion obliquely placed on the front
of right thigh 6 c.m. long. 11) Linear abrasion obliquely placed on the front
of left thigh 5 c.m. long. 12) Linear abrasion transversely placed on the front
of left shoulder 3 c.m. long. 13) Incised wound on the right side of scalp
running anterior posterior 6 x 1 c.m.
exposing
the skull.
Internal
Examination :- Thoracic cage intact.
Heart
& Lungs intact. Plae stomach, contains partly digested food materials.
Liver, spleen and kidneys plae. Urinary bladder contains 150 c.c.
of Urine,
skull intact, Brain and meninges pale".
21. The
opinion as to the cause of death of Faizal given in Ex.P3 is that "the
deceased dies due to hemorrhage and shock due to injuries to major vessels of
neck". During the hearing neither the prosecution nor the defence has
challenged the finding and the opinion contained in Ex.P3. Therefore it was
accepted by the Trial Court that Faizal died 14 due to hemorrhage and shock
suffered by him because of the injuries on the major vessels of the neck.
22. We
may also notice here that the injuries noted in the wound certificate (Ex.P4)
issued to PW2 on examination by the doctor PW3.
PW2 was
examined at 1.15 am on 31.1.1994. The certificate indicates the following
injuries:
"1.
L shaped incised wound on the parietal aspect of the skull 5 x 6 c.ms;
2. Two
small incised wounds on the right parietal region of the skull;
3.
Incised wound over the nose 2 cm x 1 cm;
4.
Swelling and deformity over the lower end of left hand. X-ray of the left hand
showed comminuted fracture of right ulna lower end."
23. As
noticed earlier, he was admitted on 31.1.94 and discharged on 7.2.94. The
injury No.4 was grievous while the other injuries were simple. The doctor also
noticed that the history was of alleged assault by known persons at Ulwar,
Kumbla at 10.15 pm on 30.1.1994. PW5, who was examined by doctor PW3 at 1.25 am
on 31.1.1994, was also issued wound certificate Ex.P5. As per Ex.P5 statement
following injuries were suffered by PW5:
"1.
Incised wound over the first web space of the left hand with partial tear of
the flexor tendons (1" x =")'
2.
Incised wound on the base of the left thumb 3/4 "x <".
24.
Doctor also opined that injury No.1 in respect of PW5 was grievous in nature.
PW3 sent intimation Ex.P6 to the police. As per the intimation report P6, RMO
had come to the hospital. On the basis of Ex.P6, it has been noticed that PW2
was taken to the operation theatre for suturing and closed reduction under
general anesthesia was done. The report also shows that at 11.40 am on
31.1.1994 the patient was not in a position to give a statement. The Trial
Court notices that after remand the defence had examined DW1 to DW5 and marked
Exs. D7 to D10, the prosecution had marked Ex. P25 (a-g).
Thus the
total evidence in this case was PW1 to 10 and Exts P1 to P26 series together
with MO1 to 9 for the prosecution and DW1 to 5 and Exts.D1 to D10 for the
defence. The Trial Court, after hearing submissions from the prosecution as
also the defence, formulated the following points for consideration:
"1.
What was the cause of death of Faizal?
2.
Whether the accused 1 to 6 along with others had formed themselves in to an
unlawful assembly and acted, in furtherance of their common object, as alleged
against them by the prosecution?
3. What
offence, if any, is proved against the accused 1 to 6? 4. Regarding
sentence?"
25. As
noticed earlier, the post mortem report has been accepted by both the sides,
according to which Faizal died due to hemorrhage and 16 shock suffered by him
because of the injuries on the major vessels of neck. While discussing points
No.2 and 3, the Trial Court notices that PW1 is a native of Mittur, in State of
Karnataka and has been living in the house of PW5 as a worker under him for the
last about 10 years. He had gone with PW2, and the deceased Faizal to the house
of CW9 at about 9.15 pm on 30.1.1994. It is alleged by the prosecution that the
occurrence took place, whilst they were enroute to the house of CW9. PW1 has
supported the prosecution version. It was he who gave Ex.P1 FIS to PW7 on the
basis of which crime against A1 to A6 was registered at Kumbla Police Station.
The Trial Court then notices the sequence of events as narrated earlier.
Prosecution
mainly relied on the evidence of PW1, 2 and 5 in support of its version.
26. The
Trial Court noticed the entire sequence of events, narrated above. It also
noticed the defence version. It was noticed that the learned counsel appearing
for the accused had pointed out that there was delay in sending Ex.P1 and P10
to the Court; PW1 was probably not present at the scene of the incident; the
injuries sustained by A2 and A7 were not explained by the prosecution and the
registration of a counter case by A2 would be sufficient to show that it was
the PWs who were the offenders.
17
27. The
Trial Court further notices that the local Muslim community who are in majority
have a long standing enmity with PW5, his family and other close relatives. The
religious scholars had even called upon their followers to do away with the
believers of Shemsia Thareequat sect of the Muslim community. Their life and
movement had been made impossible in the locality. The majority of the Muslim
community was encouraged to disrupt the life of the family of PW5 and his
relatives. They had been boycotted and were not allowed to socialize with the
local Jumaath. The Trial Court also notices the prosecution version that on
30.1.1994 at about 8 pm, PW5 and his son PW2 returned to the house. They were
informed that CW9, brother of PW5, who was residing at some distance from the
house of PW5 had telephoned to inform that his son had sustained some injuries
because of a fall. Therefore PW5 had asked PW1 deceased Faizal to go along with
PW2 to the house of CW9. PW1 and Faizal had been asked to go along with PW2 due
to the peculiar situation existing in the locality against PW5 and his family.
At about 9.15 P.M. they proceeded to the house of CW9 Mammunhi Haji.
28. In
appreciating the evidence with regard to the alleged occurrence, the Trial
Court notices the background of both PW1 and deceased Faizal with regard to
their relationship with PW5 Moosa Haji. It is noticed that PW1, who belongs to
a schedule caste 18 community, had been working for PW5 for the last 10 years.
At the time of the occurrence he was allegedly residing in the house of PW5.
He admits
that his native place is Mittur Sullia in the State of Karnataka. Faizal was
also working under PW5 and he is the native of Manjeri, Malappuram District. He
had also been brought by PW5 for employment as he was unable to find any local
workers. The Trial Court notices that according to both PW1 and PW2 they had
taken the shortest route through the paddy field to the house of CW9. All of
them had torches in their hands. Whilst they were going they found a group of
15 people standing together about 50 meters away from them. At that time they
were passing through the pathway near the house of A4. They did not suspect
anything when they had moved forward for another 10.5 meters. One of the
individuals from the crowd flashed the torch light at them. Other members of
the crowd flashed their torch lights on the ground. By that time the distance
between the deceased PW1 and PW2 and the other group was about 5 meters. All
three of them also flashed back their torch lights. PW1 and PW2 were walking
with Faizal in the front, in the torch light.
Suddenly
they cut Faizal on his neck causing injuries. PW2 intervened. Then A2, A3 and
A5 and A6 caused injuries with their weapons on the hands, head, face and other
parts of the body of PW2 by cutting with the weapons. Faizal fell down and PW1
ran away from the scene. PW1 stated that after seeing that PW2 and Faizal were
19 injured, he ran for safety to the house of CW9. The door of the house was
closed as they were afraid of further attacks. Since Faizal did not reach the
house of CW9, PW1 and son of CW9 went to the place of occurrence. They saw that
Faizal was lying dead in the paddy field.
Both of
them returned to the house of CW9 and reported the matter.
PW7 then
got the information over the telephone as narrated earlier.
He came
to the place of occurrence, and went to the house of PW5.
He had
also sustained injuries in the same incident, after Faizal had been killed and
PW2 had been injured. PW5 then took the police party to the house of CW9 by the
same route which had been taken by PW1, PW2 and Faizal. Statement made by PW 1
was recorded as First Information Statement by PW 7 which is produced as Ex.
P1. This was sent to PW8 who recorded the FIR. The FIR according to PW7 was
recorded at 00.30 hrs on 31.1.1994. It was received by the Judicial Magistrate,
Ist Class, Kasargod at 3.30 pm on 31.1.1994.
The Trial
Court notices the submissions of the defence that this gap of 15 hrs clearly
shows that PW1 was not present in the house of CW9 when PW7 went to that house.
In fact, no First Information Statement was recorded by PW7 at that place.
According to the defence Ex.P10 FIR was registered much later. This gap has
given an opportunity for the prosecution to manipulate the case and book
innocent persons who were thought to be inimical with PW5 and his family.
29.
Analyzing the aforesaid submissions of the defence, the Trial Court notices
that Ex.P10 FIR was received by Kasargod Magistrate at 3.30 pm on 31.1.94. The
distance from Kumbla Police Station to Kasargod is less than 15 kilometers.
They had a duty police constable who comes to the court to attend the day's
cases at Kumbla Police Station. Therefore, there was no difficulty for the
Kumbla Police Station authority to send Ex.P10 and Ex.P1 along with police
constable so that they will be received at least by the office of the
Magistrate if not the Magistrate himself before 11 am on that day.
The Trial
Court scrutinizes the effect of late receipt of the FIR by the Court very
closely. The prosecution had submitted that the delay in receiving Ex.P10 FIR
was not fatal to the prosecution case as it did not prejudice the accused and it
was not introduced to make any improvements or distort the version of the
occurrence. After appreciating the aforesaid legal position the Trial Court
notices that since it is the case of the prosecution that PW1 had run away from
the place of occurrence after witnessing the assault, the action of PW1 and the
evidence of the prosecution needs close scrutiny. Therefore late receipt of
Ex.P10 and P1 assumes importance. The Trial Court then notices that it is
recorded in the inquest report Ex.P14 that the inquest on the dead body of
Faizal was conducted on 31.1.1994. The inquest commenced at 10 a.m. and was
completed at 12.30 p.m. The 21 query at Sl.No.12 (a) of the prescribed form is
to be filled by PW9 under Section 174 Criminal Procedure Code. The query is "while
conducting inquest is any person suspected who and why". In answer to this
Ex.P.14, PW9 recorded that "accused are known". The Trial Court also
notices that P.W.9 did not record who the accused are and why they are
suspected.
30. The
Trial Court agrees with the suggestions made by the defence that Ex.P.14 was
perhaps prepared prior to Ex.P.1. Vague answer was given to Question 12 (a) of
Ex.14, so that other persons could be added as the accused. Therefore, it has
been held that Ex.P1 has not been registered as alleged by P.W.7. Another
suspicious circumstance was that PW1 had deposed that Ex.P1 was recorded by
himself. But in cross examination, he conceded that Ex.P1 was not in his own
hand writing and is in that of some other person's hand writing. The Trial
Court, therefore, holds that Ex.P1 was not recorded as alleged by the
prosecution at the place and time recorded both in Ex.P1 as well as in Ex.P10.
The Trial Court also notices that when PW1 appeared as DW5 after the remand, he
deposed that he had been working for PW5 for the last 10 years. He also deposed
that he would do whatever PW5 asked him to do.
However,
since the witness had clarified in the re-examination that he 22 did not
understand the question, the Trial Court ignored the earlier statement.
31. The
Trial Court then examines the sequence by which the names of accused No.7 to 12
have been incorporated. The Trial Court takes note of the fact that both the
parties claim to have recognized each other in torch light. After analyzing the
evidence with regard to the assault, the Trial Court notices that there is no
reason as to why the attackers would allow PW1 to escape. After all they were
fifteen persons in a group and had every intention to kill the three members of
the opposite group approaching them. The Trial Court also concludes that
behaviour of PW1, PW2 and Faizal to continue walking towards the other group
even though they were carrying weapons in their hands would not be consistent
with normal human conduct.
The
normal instinct would have been either to retaliate or to run away from the
scene. On the basis of the above the Trial Court had formed an opinion that the
prosecution had not placed before the Court the exact situation under which the
attack had really occurred. This would put a cloud of suspicion over the
presence of PW1 at the scene of the crime. In case PW1 was present, he ought to
have identified the accused with their respective weapons. If he had fled the
scene, he could not have given all the graphic details of the assault, in the
FIS, as recorded in the house of CW9. For this reason perhaps PW9 was 23 not in
a position to reply to the prescribed query at Sl.12A under Section 174,
Criminal Procedure Code while conducting the inquest.
32. The
Trial Court pointed out numerous other infirmities in the prosecution case. It
is noticed that PW1 was such a dedicated worker of PW5. He had even made a
false complaint against three of the accused under Section 3(1)(X) of the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 and
under Section 506(2) read with Section 34 IPC. All the accused were acquitted
as the prosecution version was disbelieved. The Trial Court also refers to
another judgment Ex.D8 in case No.98/1995 delivered on 30.5.1996 in which four
accused were proceeded against by PW1 under Sections 341, 323, 324 IPC read
with 34 IPC and Section 310 of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. In this also the Court observed that it
is not safe to accept and to act upon the evidence of PW1, therefore the
accused were acquitted. The Trial Court, therefore, notices that PW1 is not a
believable witness.
He is a
sincere employee of PW5. In view of his past conduct the locals probably had
more hatred towards PW1 than Faizal. Therefore it becomes more suspicious that
Faizal gets killed while PW1 is left uninjured by the same group.
33.
Moving on to the evidence of PW2, who was admitted and treated in the city
hospital Bangalore at 1.15 A.M. on 31.1.1994, the 24 Trial Court takes note of
the wound certificate issued by PW3. PW3 stated that till PW2 was taken to the
operation theatre, he was in a position to speak. It is further stated by this
witness that the effect of general anesthesia may last for two and a half hours
and thereafter the patient will be normal. According to the endorsement made on
Ex.P6 by Dr. Geeta Rao the then RMO, PW2 had been taken for suturing and closed
reduction under general anesthesia at 11.40 am on 31.1.1994. PW2 was not
questioned until 3.2.1994. He was able to speak till he was taken for suturing
at 11.40 on 31.1.1994.
Although
PW2 was present in the house of CW9, PW7 did not record any statement from him.
Since PW2 was the injured witness he would have surely given a true version. He
was present at the scene of occurrence. He had faced the attackers whereas PW1
had fled the scene on seeing the assailants. The prosecution had totally failed
to explain as to why PW2 was not questioned till 3.2.1994. The explanation
given by prosecution that PW2 was not in a position to speak is belied by the
statement of PW3 together with the endorsement as well as the recorded content
in Ex.P4. From the above also the Trial Court formed an opinion that the
prosecution is not placing the whole truth before the Court.
34. The
Trial Court then critically examined the evidence of PW5, father of PW2. PW3
had also treated PW5 and given wound certificate 25 Ex.P5. It is noticed that
PW9 did not question PW5 till 4.2.94. It was after questioning PW5 that A13 was
added to the earlier accused and then no explanation was available as to why
PW5 was not questioned till 4.2.94. The only explanation given by the
prosecution is that he was not available for interrogation. Rejecting the
aforesaid explanation the Trial Court concluded that PW9 deliberately delayed
recording the statement of PW5 to implicate other innocent persons.
At this
stage, the prosecution had argued that the statements of PW2 and PW5 cannot be
discarded only on the ground that they are interested witnesses. The principle
of law is accepted by the Trial Court. Therefore, the evidence of these
witnesses was very carefully scrutinized. The Trial Court notices that there is
absolutely no independent evidence in this case to corroborate the evidence of
these interested witnesses. Neither the immediate neighbours nor any of the
people living in the vicinity have been examined. The explanation given by the
prosecution is that due to enmity towards PW5 and his family none has come
forward to give the evidence. The Trial Court, therefore, observes that in such
circumstances the evidence of PW1 and PW2 had to be carefully examined to rule
out any inherent inconsistencies. The Trial Court further notices that there is
no independent evidence with regard to the injuries caused to PW2 by A2, A3, A5
and A6. If these four persons had actually attacked PW2, he would have suffered
many more grievous injuries. The only 26 grievous injury suffered by him was
fracture of ulna lower and other injuries were simple in nature. PW2 at that
time had run away.
Faizal
after suffering fatal injuries had fallen down. Again there is no corroboration
from any independent witness.
35. To
make the matter even worse, A2 and A7 had suffered a number of injuries. PW10
had deposed that A2 had suffered the following injuries:
"(1)
incised wound right shoulder 2" in length (2) incised wound left side of chest
1=" in length, (3) incised wound left elbow 3" in length, (4) incised
wound left forearm 3" in length and (5) fracture of lateral condyle of
left humerus."
36.
According to PW10 injury No.5 is a grievous injury. Similarly, injuries in
respect of A7 were given in Ex.P24. This also shows that he had sustained an
incised wound 2= inches long over the left forearm with tendons divided. This
injury is grievous in nature. As noticed earlier, this assault had resulted in
the registration of transfer FIR in Crime No.67 of 1994 which was subsequently
transferred and registered as FIR Ex.P12 at Kumbla Police Station. There is no
explanation offered of the injuries. The Trial Court notices that in this case
PW9 had concluded after the investigation that both the cases are true. But
none of the prosecution witnesses PW1, PW2 and PW5 speak about the manner and
the circumstances under which A2 to A7 27 had sustained injuries. Therefore,
this also leads to the conclusion that the prosecution story as put through PW1,
2, and 5 is not correct.
37. The
defence has also pointed out that the investigating team did not even care to
collect blood stained earth from the scene of the occurrence. There was no
moonlight on 30.1.1994. The torches allegedly possessed by Faizal, PW1 and PW2
at the time of the occurrence were not recovered. In spite of the availability
of son of CW9 and CW9 himself, they were examined as witnesses. The Trial
Court, however, observed that "these small issues were, however, not
considered to materially affect the case as put forward by the prosecution
either in favour of the prosecution or in favour of the defence." However,
otherwise on independent assessment of the evidence the Trial Court concluded
that there was no evidence to connect accused with the crime.
38. The
High Court in the impugned judgment has narrated the entire sequence of events
as recapitulated by us above. The High Court also noticed briefly the reasons
given by the Trial Court for not believing the prosecution story. It is
observed that there is no delay in recording the F.I. Statement. According to
the High Court, there is no circumstance to doubt that Ex.P.1 was not recorded
at the time and place of the incident. There is no reason for PW7, the
Sub-Inspector 28 or PW9, the Investigating Officer, to make any false case. The
High Court also concluded that it was unlikely that P.W.9, the Investigating
Officer, and P.W.8 who had registered the FIR being Muslims, would concoct the
story against the accused who were also Muslims. It was unlikely that they
would have supported PW5 and his family who had leniency towards BJP. The High
Court also concluded that there was no delay in forwarding the FIR to the
Magistrate. Ex. P10 FIR was registered at 00.30 hrs on 31.1.1994. Ex P9 shows
that there was only PW 8, Head Constable and another constable in the police
station at that time. Other Police personnel were on law and order duty.
Ex.P.10 was sent to the Court through a Constable PC 450 at 8 a.m. on
31.1.1994. If the Magistrate noted his initial only at 3 p.m.
the
prosecution cannot be faulted. Even if there is delay, it has been clearly
explained. Mere delay in receipt of occurrence report by itself does not make
the investigation tainted. The High Court also observed that on getting telephonic
information, after entering the same in the G.D., the police party rushed to
the spot. On reaching the spot without any delay, F.I. Statement was recorded.
There was no delay in starting the investigation. Injured were sent to the
hospital in the police jeep itself. Law and order situation was tense. Ex.P.1
was recorded at the house of C.W.9 at 11.45 p.m. and the FIR was registered at
00:30 hours on 31.1.1994. With regard to the non- mentioning of the accused in
the column provided under Sl.No.12 (a) 29 of the inquest report (Ex.P.14), it
is noted that the names of the accused are mentioned at the column where it is
provided that "any person was questioned and whether statement was
recorded from any person and their statement." The High Court accepted the
fact that the statement was recorded from C.W.9 who had not seen the incident.
The eye witnesses PW1, PW2 and PW5 were not present when the inquest report was
prepared. That is why in column 12(a), it was recorded that "accused are
known". Their names were actually mentioned at column No.13 in Ex.P.14.
The High Court also observed that non-examination of C.W.9 is not fatal. The
High Court also makes the observation that the object of preparing the inquest
report is only to draw a report of the apparent cause of death describing the
wounds found on the body of the deceased and stating in what manner and by what
weapon or instrument such injuries were inflicted. It is neither necessary nor
obligatory on the part of the investigating officer to investigate into or
ascertain who were the persons responsible for the death. Since the names of
the accused have been mentioned in column No.13 it would not, in any manner,
weaken the prosecution case. The High Court also negatived the reasoning of the
Trial Court as to why the FIS was not recorded on the basis of the information
given by P.W.1 rather than P.W.2 who was injured. According to the High Court,
there is no rule or mandate under Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
that F.I.
30
Statement should be recorded only from an eye witness. The High Court
reiterated that the police reached the trouble spot on receiving information by
telephone. They went to the house of PW5 hearing that some incident had taken
place near his house. PW5 then took them to the house of C.W.9. There they saw
PW1 and PW2. The High Court also notices that when P.W.1 saw that the deceased
fell down and PW 2 injured, he then escaped to the house of C.W.9. Since he had
seen the persons who had attacked the deceased, he identified at least A1 to A6
with their names. It is noticed by the High Court that PW2 was seriously
injured. His presence was also not doubted. He was made an accused in the
counter case. The High Court noticed that although PW2 was injured, he was not
unconscious. According to the wound certificate, Ex.P4 on 31.1.1994 at 11.40
a.m. he was not in a position to give a statement. At the time the anxiety of
the police was to send the injured for treatment, therefore, the names of the
accused were subsequently disclosed by PW2. The High Court then considered the
conduct of PW1 in filing complaints under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. It is, however, observed that the
evidence of PW1 cannot be ignored on the ground that he was a loyal servant of
PW5. Non recording of the statement of PW2 and P.W.5 immediately was also
explained by the High Court on the ground that there was a law and order
problem in the area. When the police went to record the statement on the next
day, P.W.2 was 31 under general anesthesia. He was not in a position to give a
statement. He was only questioned when he was in a position to speak. With
regard to adding the names of accused nos. 7 to 13, it is held that at the
maximum, the other persons added by PW.2 or 5 when they were questioned can be
absolved by giving the benefit of doubt. The High Court then examined the
circumstance that the incident happened in the night after 9.15 p.m. PW1 and
PW2 are natural witnesses. PW2 was an injured eyewitness. PW5 was also injured.
39. On
the basis of the law as settled by this Court in a number of judgments which
are noticed by the High Court, it is held that relationship is not a factor to
affect credibility of a witness. It is more often than not that a relation would
not conceal actual culprit and make allegations against an innocent person
leaving a way for the real accused to escape. PW2 is not only related to PW5
but he was also seriously injured. The High Court reiterates that the presence
of PW2 at the scene of occurrence is not disputed due to the registration of
the counter case. With regard to the non explanation of the injury on the
accused, it is stated that PW9 and PW10 spoke about the same.
The
injuries were also explained by PW10, the doctor, who stated that the injuries
in Ex.P.23 and P.24 certificates can be caused otherwise than by assault, i.e.,
by a fall or by a road transport accident.
40. Upon
consideration of the entire evidence, the High Court held that the prosecution
was able to prove the case conclusively against A1 to A6 beyond any shadow of
doubt. The High Court also recorded that "the findings by the Sessions
Court otherwise is perverse and manifestly erroneous. Appreciation of evidence
by the Sessions Court in this case lacks coherence and findings are based on
unwarranted assumptions. Hence, even though it is an order of acquittal,
interference is required." The High Court also observed that "in this
case, only conclusion possible from the evidence is that accused Nos. 1 to 6,
i.e., respondents in this appeal are guilty of the charges levelled against
them." With these observations, the judgment of the Trial Court was set
aside and the appellants were convicted as noticed by us above.
41. We
have heard the learned counsel for the parties. Mr. Ranjit Kumar, Learned
Senior Counsel, appearing for the appellants in Criminal Appeal No.434 of 2002
has addressed the Court on all the issues discussed by the Trial Court as also
by the High Court. The learned senior counsel has reiterated the infirmities in
the prosecution evidence as narrated by the Trial Court. Learned counsel
submitted that the findings of the Sessions Court were just and reasonable and
the High Court ought not to have interfered in the appeal. It is settled law
that if two views are possible, the one which 33 favours the accused has to be
accepted. That being the position, the High Court erred in upsetting the
acquittal and recording the conviction of the appellants. The submissions made
before the Trial Court as before the High Court have been reiterated. It is not
necessary to recapitulate the same again.
42. On
the other hand, the learned counsel appearing for the State of Kerala has
submitted that acquittal of the appellants has been set aside by the High Court
on a thorough appreciation of the evidence.
Each and
every circumstance relied upon by the Trial Court had been answered by the High
Court. It is unbelievable that PW2 and PW5, who were injured witnesses, would
falsely implicate the accused.
According
to the learned counsel, only one conclusion was possible which has been duly
recorded by the High Court.
43. We
have considered the submissions made by the learned counsel. We may notice here
that the High Court has clearly recorded the legal proposition involved in this
case in the following words:
"Being
an appeal against acquittal, we are bound to see whether views expressed by the
learned Sessions Judge are reasonably possible.
If the
views expressed are reasonably possible, even if another view is possible, appellate
court will not interfere in it."
The
aforesaid statement of law recognizes the settled position in the case of Antar
Singh v. State of M.P., (1979) 1 SCC 79:
34
"This Court has repeatedly held that although in an appeal against
acquittal, the powers of the High Court in dealing with the case are as
extensive as of the Trial Court, but before reversing the acquittal, the High
Court should bear in mind that the initial presumption of the innocence of the
accused is in no way weakened, if not reinforced, by his acquittal at the
trial; and further, the opinion of the Trial Court which had the advantage of
observing the demeanour of the witnesses, as to the value of their evidence
should not be lightly discarded. Where two views of the evidence are reasonably
possible, and the Trial Court has opted for one favouring acquittal, the High
Court should not disturb the same merely on the ground that if it were in the
position of the Trial Court, it would have taken the alternative view and
convicted the accused accordingly."
44. This
settled proposition of law has been reiterated by this Court in the case of
Chandrappa v. State of Karnataka {2007 (4) SCC 415}. In this case, the
provisions of Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1997 were
critically examined. After adverting to numerous decisions of this Court, it
was observed as follows:
"From
the above decisions, in our considered view, the following general principles
regarding powers of the appellate court while dealing with an appeal against an
order of acquittal emerge:
(1) An
appellate court has full power to review, reappreciate and reconsider the
evidence upon which the order of acquittal is founded.
(2) The
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 puts no limitation, restriction or condition
on exercise of such power and an appellate court on the evidence before it may
reach its own conclusion, both on questions of fact and of law.
(3)
Various expressions, such as, "substantial and compelling reasons",
"good and sufficient grounds", "very strong circumstances",
"distorted conclusions", "glaring mistakes", etc. are not
35 intended to curtail extensive powers of an appellate court in an appeal
against acquittal. Such phraseologies are more in the nature of
"flourishes of language" to emphasise the reluctance of an appellate
court to interfere with acquittal than to curtail the power of the court to
review the evidence and to come to its own conclusion.
(4) An
appellate court, however, must bear in mind that in case of acquittal, there is
double presumption in favour of the accused. Firstly, the presumption of
innocence is available to him under the fundamental principle of criminal
jurisprudence that every person shall be presumed to be innocent unless he is
proved guilty by a competent court of law. Secondly, the accused having secured
his acquittal, the presumption of his innocence is further reinforced,
reaffirmed and strengthened by the Trial Court.
(5) If
two reasonable conclusions are possible on the basis of the evidence on record,
the appellate court should not disturb the finding of acquittal recorded by the
Trial Court."
From the
above, it becomes evident that if two reasonable conclusions are possible on
the basis of the evidence on record, the Appellate Court should not disturb the
findings of acquittal. The acquittal re- enforces and reaffirms the presumption
of innocence of the accused.
The High
Court, in fact, makes a reference to the judgment of this Court in the case of
Kali Ram v. State of H.P., (1973) 2 SCC 808, wherein this Court has observed :
"Another
golden thread which runs through the web of the administration of justice in
criminal cases is that if two views are possible on the evidence adduced in the
case, one pointing to the guilt of the accused and the other to his innocence,
the view which is favourable to the accused should be adopted."
45.
Having noticed the aforesaid principle, the High Court reviewed the entire
evidence. It reached the conclusions which are opposite to the conclusions
recorded by the Trial Court. We are unable to accept the opinion of the High
Court that findings recorded by the Trial Court are perverse and manifestly
erroneous.
46. We
have very elaborately dealt with the judgments of both the courts below, to
show that the Trial Court had meticulously examined the entire evidence, to
record its conclusions. We may now briefly indicate our reasons for not
agreeing with the view expressed by the High Court, that the conclusions
reached by the Trial Court were perverse and manifestly erroneous.
47. There
was a clear cut enmity between PW5 and his family on the one side and the
accused party on the other side. It was a religious dispute which undoubtedly
led to high tension. The majority group had gone so far as to encourage the
members of its community to annihilate PW5 and his family. Prior to the
assault, there was a meeting of the Muslim community. The incident took place
in the dark. The Trial Court noticed that none of the torches were recovered or
produced by any of the concerned persons. There was also no moon light. In such
circumstances, the recognition of the six accused 37 may not be possible. The
Trial Court on this matter reached a reasonable conclusion. The Trial Court had
meticulously examined each and every issue. The Trial Court also noticed that
there was anticipation of trouble otherwise there was no occasion for PW2 to be
accompanied by PW1 and Faizal for going to the house of CW.9, brother of PW5.
The Trial Court also traced the progress of these three individuals through the
paddy field. Since it was a dark night, it was not entirely unbelievable that
the torches had been introduced to ensure that the accused could be said to
have been identified.
Surprisingly,
after Faizal was fatally injured, PW1 bolts from the scene of crime. This PW1
is so loyal to PW5 that he has been taking undue advantage of being a scheduled
caste and lodging false complaints against the accused persons under the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. Yet
when the other faithful servant of PW5 was being brutally murdered, he decided
not to defend and ran away. The Trial Court, therefore, concluded that the
behaviour of PW1 was wholly unnatural.
48.
Moving on to the evidence of PW5, the Trial Court noticed that when he went out
of the house, he heard lot of noise from the side of the paddy field. When he
went towards the west of his house, he saw some persons entering the pathways
from the paddy field. He identified the accused persons. When he enquired from
A7 as to what 38 had happened, he was also attacked and injured. He also ran
back to the house. His attempt to contact his brother and others on the
telephone remained unsuccessful. In the meantime, PW1 and 2 had reached the
house of CW.9. Subsequently, Faizal's dead body was discovered by PW1 and the
son of CW.9. The police arrived at the scene. Although PW2, the injured
witness, was available, his statement was not recorded. It was PW1 who gave the
F.I. Statement.
It must
be remembered that he had run away when the deceased was being assaulted. In
such circumstances, we are unable to hold that the conclusions reached by the
Trial Court were unreasonable or perverse.
49. The
Trial Court meticulously examined the sequence of events with regard to the
recording of the FIR. It cannot be held that the conclusion reached by the
Trial Court that the occurrence report could not have been sent earlier, as the
same was yet to be prepared, is not possible. The FIR was recorded at 0030 hrs
on 31.1.1994. It was not received by the Magistrate till 3.30 p.m. on
31.1.1994. The Trial Court also noticed that the names of the accused were
mentioned in Ex.P.1. But they were not mentioned in the relevant column of the
inquest report. If the First Information Statement Ex.P.1 had been prepared
prior to Ex.P.14, the names would surely 39 have been mentioned therein. These
conclusions again, in our opinion, cannot be said to be perverse.
50. The
Trial Court also noticed that due to the long enmity of P.W.5 and his family
with the accused, the evidence had to be scrutinized carefully. Faizal as well
as PW1 were the employees of PW5 who had been brought from the State of
Karnataka as the local labour was not available. The Trial Court noticed that
in case there had been an assault, as projected by the prosecution, there was
no reason why PW1 would have been spared while Faizal was brutally murdered.
After all, it was P.W.1 who had proceeded against those accused while working
under PW5 by filing false cases against the accused. The Trial Court also
noticed that delay in recording the statement of P.W.2 cannot be easily brushed
aside. He was conscious through all the night and yet the statement was not
recorded at the initial stage by PW7. He became unconscious only at the time
when general anesthesia was given to him at 11.40 a.m. the following day.
51. Mr.
Ranjit Kumar also pointed out that PW2 in the witness box merely stated that he
was tired at the time when P.W.7 had come to the house of CW9. The Trial Court
noticed that there was absolutely no explanation with regard to the injuries
suffered by the accused.
40 This
apart, all the witnesses being interested witnesses, their evidence could not
be believed in the absence of independent corroboration.
52. In
our opinion, taking into consideration the entire facts and circumstances of
the case, it would not be possible to agree with the High Court that the
findings recorded by the Trial Court were perverse or that only one conclusion
consistent with the guilt of the accused was possible. We are of the opinion
that the two views being reasonably possible the High Court ought not to have
interfered with the verdict of acquittal recorded by the Trial Court. Consequently,
we allow the appeal and set aside the judgment of the High Court.
Criminal
Appeal No.434 of 2002 and Criminal Appeal Nos. 500-501 of 2002:-
1. In
view of the judgment passed in Criminal Appeal No.499 of 2002, these appeals
are also allowed.
..................................J. [B.Sudershan Reddy]
...................................J. [Surinder Singh Nijjar]
NEW DELHI,
APRIL 13, 2010.
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